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Dimensionamento de um sistema de aproveitamento de energia de fonte renovável num edifício novo do tipo hostel: caso de estudo – Deep Retreat – município de Sintra
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Este trabalho tem como principais objetivos fazer uma análise do desempenho energético de um
edifício de serviços, e depois, analisar como torná-lo autossuficiente, ou (se a anterior não for possível)
como torná-lo quase autossuficiente, através da integração de sistemas de produção de energia de fonte
renovável. As análises devem ser feitas com o recurso a um programa de simulação energética de
edifícios.
O edifício deste caso de estudo é para ser usado como alojamento que albergue até 30 pessoas
construído com materiais com poucos impactos ambientais. Localiza-se em Atalaia de Cima, Sintra em
pleno meio rural. É constituído por 4 pisos. Possui um refeitório, uma cozinha, dormitórios (alguns
parcialmente enterrados), e uma sala para ser usada para aulas/reuniões.
Primeiro foi desenhado o modelo geométrico em Sketchup com a extensão Euclide, versão 0.9.3. De
seguida foi simulado com o programa EnergyPlus®, versão 8.7.0 para o período de um ano, e feita uma
análise. Mais tarde foi analisado com HOMER Pro® a integração de sistemas de produção renovável:
sistemas com painéis fotovoltaicos (PV), e sistemas com turbinas eólicas. Para estimar o custo atual
líquido que seria necessário considerou-se que o tempo de vida do projeto é 25 anos.
Os resultados mostraram que é melhor a combinação de sistemas eólicos e de PV mas que é
impossível só assim tornar Deep retreat autossuficiente. A fração renovável local obtida no melhor
cenário, com um tempo de retorno do investimento de cerca de 7 anos, foi 83.7%. Em todos os cenários
com turbinas e PV obtidos, a potência instalada de turbinas foi pelo menos 5 vezes superior ao de PV.
Salienta-se que Portugal é em geral um país solarengo, e é especialmente ventoso na região deste caso
de estudo. Com baterias o software não encontrou soluções devido aos custos destas.
This project has as its main goals to analyse the energetic performance of a service building, and then foresee its auto sufficiency (or if that’s not possible) to make it the most self-sufficient through the integration of systems of renewable energy sources. The analysis will be done with a building energy simulation program. The building in question is to be used as accommodation, up to 30 people and built with materials of low environmental impact. The localization is Atalaia de Cima, Sintra in the middle of the countryside. It has four floors and possess a kitchen, bedrooms (where some are located underground) and a meeting room /classroom. First, it was drawn a geometric model on Sketchup with the extension to Euclide, version 0.9.3. Following that it was simulated on the programme EnergyPlus®, version 8.7.0. After the analysis of the collected data of the simulation (during a one-year period) the systems of renewable production that were tested were: photovoltaic panels (PV), a small wind system, and different types of batteries. A software called Homer Pro® was used to assesses how much of the budget would be used in 25 years’ time. The results showed that the combination of the systems wind turbines and PV is better but is impossible to just with these make Deep Retreat 100 % auto sufficient in electricity. To have a payback time of around 7 years, is better a combination of usage of renewable sources with a local renewable fraction of 83.7%. In all the scenarios with combination of systems, the wind turbine installed capacity was always at least 5 times higher than the PV installed capacity. This occurs because Portugal is very sunny and especially windy at this localization. With batteries the software didn’t find a solution because of its costs.
This project has as its main goals to analyse the energetic performance of a service building, and then foresee its auto sufficiency (or if that’s not possible) to make it the most self-sufficient through the integration of systems of renewable energy sources. The analysis will be done with a building energy simulation program. The building in question is to be used as accommodation, up to 30 people and built with materials of low environmental impact. The localization is Atalaia de Cima, Sintra in the middle of the countryside. It has four floors and possess a kitchen, bedrooms (where some are located underground) and a meeting room /classroom. First, it was drawn a geometric model on Sketchup with the extension to Euclide, version 0.9.3. Following that it was simulated on the programme EnergyPlus®, version 8.7.0. After the analysis of the collected data of the simulation (during a one-year period) the systems of renewable production that were tested were: photovoltaic panels (PV), a small wind system, and different types of batteries. A software called Homer Pro® was used to assesses how much of the budget would be used in 25 years’ time. The results showed that the combination of the systems wind turbines and PV is better but is impossible to just with these make Deep Retreat 100 % auto sufficient in electricity. To have a payback time of around 7 years, is better a combination of usage of renewable sources with a local renewable fraction of 83.7%. In all the scenarios with combination of systems, the wind turbine installed capacity was always at least 5 times higher than the PV installed capacity. This occurs because Portugal is very sunny and especially windy at this localization. With batteries the software didn’t find a solution because of its costs.
Descrição
Tese de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia da Energia e Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 2022
Palavras-chave
Edifício autossuficiente Simulação dinâmica EnergyPlus® HOMER Pro® Teses de mestrado - 2022