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Criação de animações multimédia com carácter científico no desenvolvimento do pensamento computacional na disciplina de Aplicações Informáticas B
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Neste relatório apresenta-se o trabalho de intervenção letiva desenvolvido numa turma do 12º
Ano do Ensino Secundário, do curso de Ciências e Tecnologia da Escola Secundária Padre
António Vieira do Agrupamento de Escolas de Alvalade, na disciplina de Aplicações
Informáticas B, no domínio do ensino da multimédia e animação por computador.
Na metodologia seguida, os alunos foram desafiados a resolver problemas, cujas soluções são
Animações Digitais em espaços cartesianos 2D (AD2D), resultantes de três tarefas de
complexidade crescente. Na tarefa inicial, os alunos aplicaram técnicas de animação frame-by frame para criar AD2D do átomo C6. A segunda tarefa exigiu aplicação da técnica tweening
para criar um genérico cinematográfico e a tarefa final a criação de um filme de animação sobre
processos estudados na disciplina da Química.
As criações multimédia resultantes desta multidisciplinaridade, constituíram instrumentos de
recolha de dados da componente investigativa para analisar potencialidades da criação de
AD2D no desenvolvimento do Pensamento Computacional (PC) dos alunos. As questões de
investigação permitiram identificar: 𝒬1) dificuldades dos alunos; 𝒬2) atributos da dinâmica das
AD2D; 𝒬3) carga cognitiva das tarefas; 𝒬4) indicadores de mecanismos algorítmicos
fundamentais, de abstração, decomposição, reconhecimento de padrões e generalização
subjacentes à criação dessas AD2D. Os resultados apontam correlações positivas desses
indicadores do PC com a complexidade introduzida pela i) sincronização de alterações,
simultâneas, dos atributos gráficos nos elementos animados, ii) combinação de técnicas de
animação, e iii) nível taxonómico de Bloom mais elevado, esperado, para as tarefas.
As diferentes perspetivas avaliativas, diagnóstica, formativa, sumativa, autorregulação e
investigação, revelam em conclusão, que a especificação de tarefas como problemas de criação
de produtos multimédia, AD2D, podem proporcionar contribuição efetiva para o
desenvolvimento do PC dos alunos em diferentes contextos de ensino-aprendizagem,
constituindo um instrumento na prática profissional docente para aferir e melhorar as
aprendizagens e o desenvolvimento de competências transversais dos alunos.
This report presents the work of teaching intervention carried out in a 12th grade class of secondary education in the Science and Technology course at Escola Secundária Padre António Vieira, belonging to the Alvalade Schools Group, in the discipline of Computer Applications B, in the teaching of multimedia and computer animation subjects. Students were challenged to solve problems where each problem has as a solution consisting of a multimedia product created in Scratch. It was proposed three problems of increasing complexity, related with three tasks to create Digital Animations in a 2D cartesian spaces (DA2D). In the first task, students applied frame-by-frame animation techniques to create DA2D for C6 atom. The second task required usage of the tweening technique to create the opening credits for the animation film created in the final task about processes studied in Chemistry subject. The multimedia products resulting from these multidisciplinary tasks were instruments of data collection for the research component which objective was analyze the potential of creating DA2D in the development of Computational Thinking (CT) of students. Research questions pinpointed: 𝒬1) difficulties of students; 𝒬2) dynamic attributes of those DA2D; 𝒬3) cognitive load of tasks; 𝒬4) indicators for fundamental algorithmic mechanisms, abstraction, decomposition, pattern recognition and generalization underlying the creation of those DA2D. The results identify positive correlations of the PC indicators with the complexity to i) synchronize simultaneously changes in the graphic attributes of animated elements, ii) combine animation techniques, and iii) the higher expected level of Bloom taxonomic for the tasks. The different assessment perspectives, diagnosis, formative, summative, autoregulation and investigation, reveal as conclusion, tasks specifications to create multimedia products, DA2D, as problems, will provide an effective contribution to PC development of students in different teaching contexts, becoming an instrument of pedagogical practice for assessing and improving transversal skills of students.
This report presents the work of teaching intervention carried out in a 12th grade class of secondary education in the Science and Technology course at Escola Secundária Padre António Vieira, belonging to the Alvalade Schools Group, in the discipline of Computer Applications B, in the teaching of multimedia and computer animation subjects. Students were challenged to solve problems where each problem has as a solution consisting of a multimedia product created in Scratch. It was proposed three problems of increasing complexity, related with three tasks to create Digital Animations in a 2D cartesian spaces (DA2D). In the first task, students applied frame-by-frame animation techniques to create DA2D for C6 atom. The second task required usage of the tweening technique to create the opening credits for the animation film created in the final task about processes studied in Chemistry subject. The multimedia products resulting from these multidisciplinary tasks were instruments of data collection for the research component which objective was analyze the potential of creating DA2D in the development of Computational Thinking (CT) of students. Research questions pinpointed: 𝒬1) difficulties of students; 𝒬2) dynamic attributes of those DA2D; 𝒬3) cognitive load of tasks; 𝒬4) indicators for fundamental algorithmic mechanisms, abstraction, decomposition, pattern recognition and generalization underlying the creation of those DA2D. The results identify positive correlations of the PC indicators with the complexity to i) synchronize simultaneously changes in the graphic attributes of animated elements, ii) combine animation techniques, and iii) the higher expected level of Bloom taxonomic for the tasks. The different assessment perspectives, diagnosis, formative, summative, autoregulation and investigation, reveal as conclusion, tasks specifications to create multimedia products, DA2D, as problems, will provide an effective contribution to PC development of students in different teaching contexts, becoming an instrument of pedagogical practice for assessing and improving transversal skills of students.
Descrição
Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, Mestrado em Ensino de Informática, Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educação, 2021
Palavras-chave
Animação por computador Multimédia Pensamento computacional Tecnologias digitais Relatórios da prática de ensino supervisionada - 2021