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Desafios e perspectivas das autoridades administrativas independentes no espaço democrático : um estudo sobre o impacto regulatório estatal
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O novo modelo de organização administrativa desenhado pelas autoridades administrativas independentes trouxe questionamentos de diversas ordens nos ordenamentos jurídicos de vários Estados, especialmente quanto ao seu local dentro da clássica teoria da separação dos poderes. A discussão deita raízes na evolução do constitucionalismo e da democracia - para os antigos e para os modernos, especialmente no que tange à compreensão dos contornos do que se entendia por liberdade em cada época. O antigo modelo administrativo centralizado passou a dar lugar a uma Administração descentralizada, policêntrica, em razão da demanda por uma atuação cada vez mais técnica e especializada, como também por uma necessidade de maior diálogo com a sociedade como medida de acompanhamento da complexidade das demandas sociais. A expansão das entidades reguladoras insere-se, ainda, dentro de um contexto de crise pela qual atravessa a democracia na atualidade e a sua principal expressão: a representatividade pela via eleitoral. A legitimidade democrática desses novos entes administrativos conduz, ainda, ao estudo de institutos desenvolvidos na Antiga Roma, o
que demonstra a necessidade de se aprofundar o debate acerca das raízes da crise enfrentada pelo atual modelo democrático. Uma nova perspectiva se abre à Administração Pública por meio da democracia procedimental, na qual as entidades reguladoras independentes carregam um grande potencial de desenvolvimento. A Avaliação de Impacto Regulatório representa um dos instrumentos regulatórios capazes
de auxiliar no combate ao déficit democrático, servindo como importante mecanismo no âmbito administrativo de canalização do debate público na busca da construção do consenso social no procedimento de tomada de decisões. Ao centralizar diversas componentes como a participação social, a tecnicidade e a transparência no agir administrativo, o estudo de impacto regulatório confere lastro legitimatório à atuação administrativa. Para além de uma nova forma de organização, as entidades reguladoras configuram uma nova expressão político-administrativa dos ideais democráticos, com imenso potencial a ser descoberto.
The new model of administrative organization designed by the independent administrative authorities brought questions of different orders in the legal systems of several States, especially regarding its location within the classic theory of the separation of powers. The discussion takes root in the evolution of constitutionalism and democracy - for the ancients and for the modern ones, especially with regard to understanding the contours of what was understood by freedom in each era. The old centralized administrative model started to give way to a decentralized, polycentric Administration, due to the demand for an increasingly technical and specialized performance, as well as for the need for greater dialogue with society, as a measure to accompany the complexity of the demands social. The expansion of regulatory entities is also part of a context of crisis through which democracy is currently going through and its main expression: representation electoral. The democratic legitimacy of these new administrative entities also leads to the study of institutes developed in Ancient Rome, which demonstrates the need to deepen the debate about the roots of the crisis faced by the current democratic model. A new perspective opens up to Public Administration through procedural democracy, in which independent regulatory entities carry great potential for development. The Regulatory Impact Assessment represents one of the regulatory instruments capable to assist the combat of the democratic deficit, serving as an important mechanism in the administrative sphere to canalize the public debate in the construction of the social consensus in the decision-making procedure. Centralizing several components such as social participation, technicality and transparency in administrative action, the study of regulatory impact gives legitimate basis to administrative action. In addition to a new form of organization, regulatory agencies are setting up a new political administrative expression of democratic ideals, with great potential to be discovered.
The new model of administrative organization designed by the independent administrative authorities brought questions of different orders in the legal systems of several States, especially regarding its location within the classic theory of the separation of powers. The discussion takes root in the evolution of constitutionalism and democracy - for the ancients and for the modern ones, especially with regard to understanding the contours of what was understood by freedom in each era. The old centralized administrative model started to give way to a decentralized, polycentric Administration, due to the demand for an increasingly technical and specialized performance, as well as for the need for greater dialogue with society, as a measure to accompany the complexity of the demands social. The expansion of regulatory entities is also part of a context of crisis through which democracy is currently going through and its main expression: representation electoral. The democratic legitimacy of these new administrative entities also leads to the study of institutes developed in Ancient Rome, which demonstrates the need to deepen the debate about the roots of the crisis faced by the current democratic model. A new perspective opens up to Public Administration through procedural democracy, in which independent regulatory entities carry great potential for development. The Regulatory Impact Assessment represents one of the regulatory instruments capable to assist the combat of the democratic deficit, serving as an important mechanism in the administrative sphere to canalize the public debate in the construction of the social consensus in the decision-making procedure. Centralizing several components such as social participation, technicality and transparency in administrative action, the study of regulatory impact gives legitimate basis to administrative action. In addition to a new form of organization, regulatory agencies are setting up a new political administrative expression of democratic ideals, with great potential to be discovered.
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Direito administrativo Procedimento administrativo Autoridade administrativa independente Regulação Legitimidade democrática Teses de mestrado - 2022