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O objetivo central da presente dissertação é a análise da obra náutica do Padre Francisco da Costa. Este mestre Jesuíta viveu na transição do século XVI para o XVII, onde estudou inicialmente em Coimbra na Companhia de Jesus e posteriormente em Lisboa. Já após a instauração da União Ibérica, o Padre Costa desenvolveu a sua atividade inte-lectual, dedicando-se ao ensino no Colégio de Santo Antão em Lisboa, até à sua morte prematura em 15 de dezembro no ano de 1604.
Personagem com enorme dedicação ao ensino assumiu a titularidade da cadeira “Aula da Esfera”, em 1602, no Colégio de Santo Antão, em substituição de João Delgado. As aulas que professava compreendiam o ensino de Astrologia, Náutica, Geografia, Hi-drografia, que abrangia a descrição das marés e zonas costeiras, noções de Cosmografia, através do Tratado da Esfera e a construção e uso de globos.
Face a este contexto, iniciaremos a nossa análise com um apontamento biográ-fico sobre este mestre Jesuíta, onde pretendemos relatar os principais momentos da sua curta vida, dando enfoque a todas as circunstâncias, em ambiente interno como ex-terno, que o rodearam e tiveram influência no modo de compreender a náutica.
Quanto ao estudo em si, deste professor, existem quatro Tratados e numerosos manuscritos espalhados por diversas bibliotecas, na qual procuraremos verificar e ana-lisar. A maioria destes manuscritos encontram-se na British Library, no National Mari-time Museum (Greenwich) e na Biblioteca da Ajuda em Portugal, contudo, o programa das lições de Francisco da Costa é muito próximo do programa do Regimento do Cos-mógrafo-Mor, mas dando mais extensão e profundidade às matérias.
Finalmente, em relação ao principal tratado do Padre Costa, a Arte de Navegar, estamos na presença de uma obra náutica, que na época, veio ao encontro das necessi-dades sentidas na preparação de bons pilotos, visto que, até ao final do século XVI ape-nas existiam na bibliografia náutica portuguesa os guias náuticos impressos no início daquele século, os Livros de Marinharia contendo compilações realizadas pelos pilotos e o Regimento Náutico publicado por João Baptista Lavanha, enquanto Cosmógrafo-mor, já no final do século.
The main objective of this dissertation is the analysis of the nautical work of Pa-dre Francisco da Costa. This Jesuit master lived in the transition from the 16th to the 17th century, where he studied initially in Coimbra at Companhia de Jesus and later in Lisbon. After the establishment of the Iberian Union, Father Costa developed his intellectual activity, dedicating himself to teaching at the Santo Antão College in Lisbon, until his premature death on December 15 in 1604. A character with enormous dedication to teaching, he assumed the Sphere Les-son chair, in 1602, at the Santo Antão College, replacing João Delgado. The classes he professed included the teaching of Astrology, Nautical, Geography, Hydrography, which covered the description of the tides and coastal zones, notions of Cosmography, through the On the Sphere of the World and the construction and use of globes. In this context, we will begin our analysis with a biographical note about this Jes-uit master, where we intend to report the main moments of his short life, focusing on all the circumstances, in an internal and external environment, which surrounded him and had an influence on the way of life and understand the subjects of nautical. As for the study itself, by this professor, there are four treatises and numerous manuscripts spread over several libraries, we will soon try to analyse these historical documents. Most of these manuscripts are found in the British Library, the National Maritime Museum (Greenwich) and the Ajuda Library in Portugal, however, the program of Francisco da Costa's lessons are very close to the program of the Chief Cosmogra-pher's Regiment but giving more extension and depth to the subjects. Finally, in relation to Father Costa's main treatise, the Art of Navigating, we are in the presence of a nautical work, which at the time, met the needs felt in the prepara-tion of good pilots, since, until the end of the 16th century only in the Portuguese nautical bibliography there were nautical guides printed at the beginning of that century, the Seamanship Books containing compilations by made the pilots and the Nautical Regi-ment published by João Baptista Lavanha, as Chief-Cosmographer, already at the end of the century.
The main objective of this dissertation is the analysis of the nautical work of Pa-dre Francisco da Costa. This Jesuit master lived in the transition from the 16th to the 17th century, where he studied initially in Coimbra at Companhia de Jesus and later in Lisbon. After the establishment of the Iberian Union, Father Costa developed his intellectual activity, dedicating himself to teaching at the Santo Antão College in Lisbon, until his premature death on December 15 in 1604. A character with enormous dedication to teaching, he assumed the Sphere Les-son chair, in 1602, at the Santo Antão College, replacing João Delgado. The classes he professed included the teaching of Astrology, Nautical, Geography, Hydrography, which covered the description of the tides and coastal zones, notions of Cosmography, through the On the Sphere of the World and the construction and use of globes. In this context, we will begin our analysis with a biographical note about this Jes-uit master, where we intend to report the main moments of his short life, focusing on all the circumstances, in an internal and external environment, which surrounded him and had an influence on the way of life and understand the subjects of nautical. As for the study itself, by this professor, there are four treatises and numerous manuscripts spread over several libraries, we will soon try to analyse these historical documents. Most of these manuscripts are found in the British Library, the National Maritime Museum (Greenwich) and the Ajuda Library in Portugal, however, the program of Francisco da Costa's lessons are very close to the program of the Chief Cosmogra-pher's Regiment but giving more extension and depth to the subjects. Finally, in relation to Father Costa's main treatise, the Art of Navigating, we are in the presence of a nautical work, which at the time, met the needs felt in the prepara-tion of good pilots, since, until the end of the 16th century only in the Portuguese nautical bibliography there were nautical guides printed at the beginning of that century, the Seamanship Books containing compilations by made the pilots and the Nautical Regi-ment published by João Baptista Lavanha, as Chief-Cosmographer, already at the end of the century.
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Keywords
Costa, Francisco, 1567–1604 - Biografias Jesuítas - Educação - Portugal - séc.16 Arte e ciência navais - Estudo e ensino - Portugal - séc.16 Navegação astronómica - História - Europa - Idade Média Teses de mestrado - 2021