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Pornografia de menores : um crime parcialmente moralista?
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A existência da pornografia de menores e o lucro que a mesma gera é um atentado contra a dignidade das crianças. Estes conteúdos pornográficos contribuem para o aliciamento e lesão de outros menores. A presente dissertação tem como objeto de estudo o bem jurídico tutelado no crime de pornografia de menores nomeadamente nas condutas de mera detenção do material pornográfico para consumo próprio, a produção, divulgação, distribuição, exibição, cedência e detenção dos materiais com recurso à representação realista do menor. Mais concretamente a pornografia aparente, ou seja, a atuação de adultos que interpretam a personagem de menor em comportamentos sexuais; a pornografia parcialmente virtual que consiste em parte numa representação de um menor real e outra parte virtual; na pornografia totalmente virtual não constam quaisquer menores reais, como nos animes. Considerando o direito à liberdade sexual dos menores, seria injusto não permitir que um menor não pudesse tirar uma simples fotografia pornográfica, partilhando deliberadamente diante este crime; analisaremos em que circunstâncias e condições pode o menor consentir e acordar na realização de atos que se enquadrem neste crime. Face a criminalização da posse, produção e divulgação de material com representação realista de menores, o direito à reserva da intimidade privada, à liberdade de expressão e à liberdade de criação artística são reprimidos. Contudo, o Código Penal pode restringir proporcionalmente direitos, liberdades e garantias perante o dano/perigo criado; a intervenção penal só ocorre para tutelar os bens jurídicos. As condutas referidas assentam no fundamentalismo moralista da sociedade diante esta pornografia, porém este não poderá ser o único fundamento para o legislador atribuir dignidade penal a uma conduta. Com a exposição do presente trabalho é possível afirmar que somente um dos tipos de representação realista apresenta dignidade penal o que justifica a repressão dos demais direitos fundamentais face a tutela do menor.
The existence of child pornography and the profit it generates is an attempt against children's dignity. The existance of materials produced with sexual exploitation of children, contributes for the grooming process of other children that may perceived this acts as normal. This dissertation focus on the study of the legal good protected in the crime of child pornography, more specifically the possessing of pornographic material, its production, disclosure, importation, exportation, distribution, exhibition, and tenure, of these materials containing a realistic representation of minors. More precisely, apparent pornography, that is, adults acting or appearing to be children, just like actors do; the partially virtual pornography consists in a mixture of, for example, a photograph of a minor changed with technology; Completely virtual pornography is pornography but without any real children involved, like animes. Considering the right of sexual freedom of minors, it wouldn’t be fair not allowing the minor to take a photograph considered pornographic and share it deliberaly, we shall procede to analyze the circumstances and conditions where they can consent and agree with the behaviours that fit in this crime. With this criminalization some rights end up being restricted such as the right of free speech, artistic creating and private intimacy. However, The Criminal Code can proportionally restrain rights, freedoms and guarantees according to the damage/danger caused, matter in fact, the criminal intervention can only be executed to protect legal goods. All the mentioned behaviours fit the fundamentalism moralistic of society towards this kind of pornography, however it can’t be the only argument for a behaviour to have criminal dignity to be forseen as a crime. With this work's exposition it’s possible to affirm that only one of the mentioned behaviours presents the criminal dignity that justifies the repression of any other fundamental rights to protect the children’s rights.
The existence of child pornography and the profit it generates is an attempt against children's dignity. The existance of materials produced with sexual exploitation of children, contributes for the grooming process of other children that may perceived this acts as normal. This dissertation focus on the study of the legal good protected in the crime of child pornography, more specifically the possessing of pornographic material, its production, disclosure, importation, exportation, distribution, exhibition, and tenure, of these materials containing a realistic representation of minors. More precisely, apparent pornography, that is, adults acting or appearing to be children, just like actors do; the partially virtual pornography consists in a mixture of, for example, a photograph of a minor changed with technology; Completely virtual pornography is pornography but without any real children involved, like animes. Considering the right of sexual freedom of minors, it wouldn’t be fair not allowing the minor to take a photograph considered pornographic and share it deliberaly, we shall procede to analyze the circumstances and conditions where they can consent and agree with the behaviours that fit in this crime. With this criminalization some rights end up being restricted such as the right of free speech, artistic creating and private intimacy. However, The Criminal Code can proportionally restrain rights, freedoms and guarantees according to the damage/danger caused, matter in fact, the criminal intervention can only be executed to protect legal goods. All the mentioned behaviours fit the fundamentalism moralistic of society towards this kind of pornography, however it can’t be the only argument for a behaviour to have criminal dignity to be forseen as a crime. With this work's exposition it’s possible to affirm that only one of the mentioned behaviours presents the criminal dignity that justifies the repression of any other fundamental rights to protect the children’s rights.
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Direito penal Pornografia de menores Moral Crimes sexuais Pornografia virtual Teses de mestrado - 2020