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Projeto Ikigai : um projeto piloto de intervenção em aprendizagem social e emocional em contexto escolar
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INTRODUÇÃO: Aprendizagem social e emocional é o processo através do qual indivíduos adquirem e aplicam conhecimento, atitudes e competências para identificar e gerir emoções, definir e alcançar objetivos, sentir e mostrar empatia, estabelecer e manter relações interpessoais saudáveis e tomar decisões de forma responsável. A evidência sugere que os programas de intervenção escolar nesta área trazem inúmeros benefícios para os alunos que deles usufruem.
O objetivo deste trabalho é aplicar e avaliar o impacto do Projeto Ikigai, um projeto-piloto em aprendizagem social e emocional em adolescentes a frequentar o 12º ano de uma escola pública de Lisboa.
MÉTODOS: A construção do Projeto Ikigai foi feita tendo por base as guidelines para a abordagem da aprendizagem social e emocional da Collaborative for Academic, Social and Emotional Learning. O projeto foi implementado em 6 sessões tendo sido abordados os temas de Comunicação e Feedback, Consumo de Substâncias, Sexualidade, Gestão de Conflitos, Ansiedade e Mecanismos de Coping. A avaliação das sessões foi feita através da aplicação de um questionário individual e anónimo.
RESULTADOS: No que toca ao cumprimento dos objetivos predefinidos, as sessões de Gestão de Conflitos e Ansiedade e Mecanismos de Coping foram as sessões com melhores resultados. Contudo, mesmo nas sessões em que 100% dos alunos não atingiram todos os objetivos foi possível verificar que, à exceção do objetivo “Saber enumerar, pelo menos, 2 IST e a sua forma de transmissão”, todos os outros foram alcançados por, pelo menos, 75% dos alunos.
DISCUSSÃO: O projeto Ikigai, ainda que com as limitações inerentes à sua condição de projeto-piloto, pode ser considerado um projeto com impacto na amostra onde foi aplicado. A aprendizagem social e emocional deve ser considerada como uma componente fundamental do processo educativo e do desenvolvimento dos alunos de todas as faixas etárias, existindo inúmeras oportunidades de atuação por parte das direções das escolas, organizações do terceiro setor e entidades decisoras para incluírem esta temática no caderno de prioridades do ensino em Portugal.
INTRODUCTION: Social and emotional learning is the process through which individuals acquire and effectively apply the knowledge, attitudes and skills necessary to understand and manage emotions, set and achieve goals, feel and show empathy for others, establish and maintain positive relationships, and make responsible decisions. Evidence shows that school-based programs in this area are very beneficial for students. The aim of this work is to apply and assess the impact of “Projeto Ikigai”, a pilot-project on social and emotional learning in teenagers attending 12th grade of a public school in Lisbon. METHODS: The structure of “Projeto Ikigai” was based on Collaborative for Academic, Social and Emotional Learning guidelines to approach social and emotional learning. The project was implemented in 6 sessions and the themes of the sessions were Communication and Feedback, Drug Abuse, Sexuality, Conflict Management, Anxiety and Coping Strategies. The assessment of the sessions was made by the application of an individual and anonymous survey. RESULTS: Regarding the accomplishment of the predefined objectives, the sessions about Conflict Management and Anxiety and Coping Strategies were the most successful. Despite that fact, even the sessions in which the main objectives were not achieved by 100% of the students, it was possible to deduce that, with the exception of the objective “Being able to refer, at least, 2 SDTs and their ways of transmission”, every other objective was achieved by, at least, 75% of the students. DISCUSSION: Despite its limitations, “Projeto Ikigai” can be considered an effective social and emotional program. Social and emotional learning should be considered a fundamental component of the educational process and students’ development. Therefore, there are several opportunities for schools, third sector organizations, and government entities to include this area at the top priorities for the Portuguese educational system.
INTRODUCTION: Social and emotional learning is the process through which individuals acquire and effectively apply the knowledge, attitudes and skills necessary to understand and manage emotions, set and achieve goals, feel and show empathy for others, establish and maintain positive relationships, and make responsible decisions. Evidence shows that school-based programs in this area are very beneficial for students. The aim of this work is to apply and assess the impact of “Projeto Ikigai”, a pilot-project on social and emotional learning in teenagers attending 12th grade of a public school in Lisbon. METHODS: The structure of “Projeto Ikigai” was based on Collaborative for Academic, Social and Emotional Learning guidelines to approach social and emotional learning. The project was implemented in 6 sessions and the themes of the sessions were Communication and Feedback, Drug Abuse, Sexuality, Conflict Management, Anxiety and Coping Strategies. The assessment of the sessions was made by the application of an individual and anonymous survey. RESULTS: Regarding the accomplishment of the predefined objectives, the sessions about Conflict Management and Anxiety and Coping Strategies were the most successful. Despite that fact, even the sessions in which the main objectives were not achieved by 100% of the students, it was possible to deduce that, with the exception of the objective “Being able to refer, at least, 2 SDTs and their ways of transmission”, every other objective was achieved by, at least, 75% of the students. DISCUSSION: Despite its limitations, “Projeto Ikigai” can be considered an effective social and emotional program. Social and emotional learning should be considered a fundamental component of the educational process and students’ development. Therefore, there are several opportunities for schools, third sector organizations, and government entities to include this area at the top priorities for the Portuguese educational system.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2018
Palavras-chave
Aprendizagem social e emocional Literacia em saúde Educação para a saúde Pediatria