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Burnout e ansiedade nos estudantes de medicina : impacto dos estilos de vida e hábitos de estudo
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Resumo: Os estudantes de medicina representam uma população vulnerável a desenvolver níveis elevados de burnout e ansiedade, o que pode apresentar consequências negativas no desempenho académico, saúde e bem-estar. Este estudo tem como objectivo avaliar o burnout e a ansiedade nos estudantes de medicina portugueses e identificar os seus potenciais preditores, incluindo variáveis sócio-demográficas, métodos de estudo, hábitos de sono, actividades extracurriculares e suporte social. Para recolha de dados construiu-se um questinário que foi posteriormente distribuido pelos alunos da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, tendo-se obtido 558 respostas. Verificou-se uma prevalência de 1% de burnout nos estudantes de medicina. Mais de 50% apresenta níveis de ansiedade significativos e 9.5% apresenta ansiedade severa. Os estudantes do sexo feminino e os estudantes que tiveram de mudar de cidade para ingressar na faculdade apresentaram níveis mais elevados de burnout e ansiedade. O aproveitamento do tempo de estudo, a facilidade em encontrar um método de estudo adequado e o suporte social correlacionam-se negativamente com níveis de burnout e ansiedade, enquanto a percepção de que as exigências do curso de medicina comprometem a realização de actividades se correlaciona com níveis mais elevados de burnout e ansiedade. A realização de actividades extra-curriculares per se não se correlacionou com os níveis de burnout e ansiedade. Estes resultados sublinham a importância de um apoio direccionado aos estudantes que tiveram de se deslocar para outra cidade, a criação de um suporte de estudo direccionado para as exigências do curso e a importância de reforçar os serviços de apoio psicológico aos alunos que o desejarem.
Abstract: Medical students represent a vulnerable population for high levels of burnout and anxiety, which can compromise their academic success, well-being and health. This study aims to evaluate burnout and anxiety levels in medical students, as well as to identify the potential predictors such as socio-demographic factors, study methods, sleep habits, extra-curricular activities and social support. Data was obtained through an online survey distributed to the students of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon. The prevalence of burnout was 1%. More than 50% of the students showed significant levels of anxiety and 9.5% had severe levels of anxiety. Female students and students who had to move to another city in order to study in the university showed higher levels of burnout and anxiety. Study-time management, study methods and social support were negatively correlated with burnout and anxiety. The perception that medical school compromised extra-curricular activities was positively correlated with burnout and anxiety. Participation in extracurricular activities was not associated with burnout or anxiety. These findings highlight the importance to develop social support programs for students who had to move from their hometowns in order to enrol in medical school, appropriate study methods for the academic demands of medical school and psychological care for vulnerable students.
Abstract: Medical students represent a vulnerable population for high levels of burnout and anxiety, which can compromise their academic success, well-being and health. This study aims to evaluate burnout and anxiety levels in medical students, as well as to identify the potential predictors such as socio-demographic factors, study methods, sleep habits, extra-curricular activities and social support. Data was obtained through an online survey distributed to the students of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon. The prevalence of burnout was 1%. More than 50% of the students showed significant levels of anxiety and 9.5% had severe levels of anxiety. Female students and students who had to move to another city in order to study in the university showed higher levels of burnout and anxiety. Study-time management, study methods and social support were negatively correlated with burnout and anxiety. The perception that medical school compromised extra-curricular activities was positively correlated with burnout and anxiety. Participation in extracurricular activities was not associated with burnout or anxiety. These findings highlight the importance to develop social support programs for students who had to move from their hometowns in order to enrol in medical school, appropriate study methods for the academic demands of medical school and psychological care for vulnerable students.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2018
Palavras-chave
Burnout Ansiedade Estudantes de medicina Estilos de vida Hábitos saudáveis