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A liberdade de reunião na Constituição Federal de 1988
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Trata-se de uma dissertação de mestrado oriunda de uma pesquisa acadêmica do tipo exploratória, cujo tema é a liberdade de reunião na Constituição Federal de 1988. Com base no tema proposto desenvolvemos um exame crítico e reflexivo acerca do exercício da liberdade de reunião na atualidade, tendo em vista os seus impactos e implicações no seio da sociedade contemporânea brasileira, momento em que esta liberdade fundamental vem a receber um novo destaque, revelando a importância do seu tratamento nesta sede. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho organiza-se em quatro capítulos, nos quais selecionamos os tópicos de maior relevância para a análise proposta, com base no enfoque que pretendemos oferecer ao tema. Desse modo, iniciamos nossa análise fornecendo um enquadramento histórico à liberdade de reunião, abordando a sua origem e evolução no tempo na esfera jurídica, e a sua delimitação enquanto direito fundamental de primeira geração. Cuidamos de acompanhar também, de modo sumário, o seu desenvolvimento no Direito Comparado, notadamente nos Estados Unidos da América, França, Portugal e em Espanha, bem como nos principais diplomas de Direito Internacional, e à luz das Constituições brasileiras pretéritas até a atual Constituição Federal de 1988. Em seguida, cuidamos de fornecer contornos jurídicos ao conceito de reunião, através dos denominados elementos configuradores do tipo, para efeitos de uma reunião sob a tutela do inciso XVI do artigo 5.º da CRB/88. Tratamos de algumas de suas espécies, assim como de determinadas figuras próximas que, apesar de ostentarem certos elementos, não se configuram como seu tipo. A seguir, apresentamos o conteúdo da liberdade de reunião, na sua dimensão negativa – enquanto direito de abstenção – bem como na sua dimensão positiva – na qualidade de deveres de prestação dos Poderes Públicos. Por fim, procedemos uma análise da jurisprudência recente do Supremo Tribunal Federal sobre a matéria, e indicações, de acordo com diretrizes de organizações internacionais, de como deve se pautar a atuação policial nesta esfera, oportunidade em que realizamos uma crítica acerca do papel da polícia em eventos recentes de grande impacto na sociedade marcados pelo uso abusivo da força.
This is a master's thesis originated from academic research of exploratory type, which theme is freedom of assembly in the Federal Constitution of 1988. Based on the proposed theme, we develop a critical and reflective examination on the exercise of freedom of assembly nowadays, considering its impact and importance within the current brazilian society, while this fundamental freedom acquires a new highlight, revealing the importance of its treatment in this work. In this sense, the investigation is organized into four chapters, in through which we selected the most relevant topics for the subject – freedom of assembly - based on the approach that we intend to offer the subject. Thus, we begin our analysis by providing a historical background to freedom of assembly, addressing the origin and evolution over time in the legal sphere, and its definition as a fundamental right of first generation. We treat the matter also following, summarily, its development in comparative law, notably in the United States, France, Portugal and Spain, as well as major agreements of international law and, according the past brazilian constitutions until the current Federal Constitution. Therefore, we presented the legal outlines of the concept of meeting, through the called configurators elements for meeting under the protection of article 5.º, XVI, of CRB/88. We also approach some of its species, as well as certain figures close, that despite of showing some elements, they do not constitute its kind of meeting. Afterwards, we treat the content of the freedom of assembly in its negative dimension - as a right of abstention - as well as its positive dimension - as duties of providing by the public authorities. Finally, we present an analysis of the recent jurisprudence by Supreme Court on the matter, as well as underline some recommendations, according to guidelines of international organizations, of how should be based the police action in this sphere. At this opportunity, we elaborate a critical about the police role in recent events of great impact on society marked by excessive use of force.
This is a master's thesis originated from academic research of exploratory type, which theme is freedom of assembly in the Federal Constitution of 1988. Based on the proposed theme, we develop a critical and reflective examination on the exercise of freedom of assembly nowadays, considering its impact and importance within the current brazilian society, while this fundamental freedom acquires a new highlight, revealing the importance of its treatment in this work. In this sense, the investigation is organized into four chapters, in through which we selected the most relevant topics for the subject – freedom of assembly - based on the approach that we intend to offer the subject. Thus, we begin our analysis by providing a historical background to freedom of assembly, addressing the origin and evolution over time in the legal sphere, and its definition as a fundamental right of first generation. We treat the matter also following, summarily, its development in comparative law, notably in the United States, France, Portugal and Spain, as well as major agreements of international law and, according the past brazilian constitutions until the current Federal Constitution. Therefore, we presented the legal outlines of the concept of meeting, through the called configurators elements for meeting under the protection of article 5.º, XVI, of CRB/88. We also approach some of its species, as well as certain figures close, that despite of showing some elements, they do not constitute its kind of meeting. Afterwards, we treat the content of the freedom of assembly in its negative dimension - as a right of abstention - as well as its positive dimension - as duties of providing by the public authorities. Finally, we present an analysis of the recent jurisprudence by Supreme Court on the matter, as well as underline some recommendations, according to guidelines of international organizations, of how should be based the police action in this sphere. At this opportunity, we elaborate a critical about the police role in recent events of great impact on society marked by excessive use of force.
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Direitos fundamentais Liberdade de reunião Direito constitucional Intervenção policial Brasil Teses de mestrado - 2018