| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.35 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A degradação ambiental decorrente dos processos de exploração dos recursos naturais do planeta atinge determinadas comunidades com mais contundência, especialmente as mais frágeis em razão de fatores diversos. Apesar de suportarem o ônus da degradação, o acesso destes grupos sociais aos bens ambientais é restrito. A aplicação desigual da legislação, a leniência de determinados países em desenvolvimento quanto à exploração econômica e a execução de políticas sociais equivocadas têm institucionalizado a prática da injustiça ambiental e, máxime, do racismo ambiental por todo o mundo. Portanto, a defesa do ambiente depende, também, do enfrentamento da desigualdade ambiental; não é possível combater a crise ambiental sem, ao mesmo tempo, promover a justiça social. O reconhecimento dos direitos das minorias sociais e raciais alijadas do processo de desenvolvimento é fundamental ao progresso social e à construção de sociedades mais justas, inclusive no plano ecológico. Os riscos ambientais decorrentes da utilização de um modelo capitalista e globalizante de produção e exploração não podem permanecer concentrados nas periferias dos grandes centros urbanos, atingindo preferencialmente as populações que já sofrem com sua posição de fragilidade social e ambiental. A presente pesquisa tem por objeto: a) identificar os riscos decorrentes da globalização suportados por uma parcela da população de forma desproporcional aos benefícios auferidos; b) investigar a existência de uma forma específica de racismo, o racismo ambiental, bem como a maneira como ele atinge determinadas populações de países em desenvolvimento, possuidores de importantes recursos naturais; c) verificar, na seara do direito do ambiente, numa dimensão sobretudo procedimental e a partir do movimento de justiça ambiental, a existência de mecanismos de combate ao racismo ambiental e aos critérios desiguais de distribuição de ônus ambientais.
The environmental degradation resulting from the processes of exploitation of the natural resources of the planet affects certain communities with more force, especially the most fragile ones due to diverse factors. Although they bear the burden of degradation, the access of these social groups to environmental goods is restricted. The unequal application of legislation, the leniency of certain developing countries over economic exploitation and the implementation of misguided social policies have institutionalized the practice of environmental injustice and, above all, of environmental racism throughout the world. Therefore, the defense of the environment also depends on tackling environmental inequality; It is not possible to combat the environmental crisis without, at the same time, promoting social justice. Recognition of the rights of social and racial minorities left behind in the development process is fundamental to social progress and to the building of fairer societies, including the environment. The environmental risks arising from the use of a capitalist and globalizing model of production and exploitation can not remain concentrated in the peripheries of large urban centers, preferably reaching populations already suffering from their position of social and environmental fragility. The present research aims to: a) identify the risks arising from globalization supported by a portion of the population in a way disproportionate to the benefits received; (B) to investigate the existence of a specific form of racism, the environmental racism and the manner in which it affects certain populations of developing countries with substantial natural resources; C) to verify, in the field of environmental law, in a mainly procedural dimension and from the environmental justice movement, the existence of mechanisms to combat the unequal criteria of distribution of environmental burdens.
The environmental degradation resulting from the processes of exploitation of the natural resources of the planet affects certain communities with more force, especially the most fragile ones due to diverse factors. Although they bear the burden of degradation, the access of these social groups to environmental goods is restricted. The unequal application of legislation, the leniency of certain developing countries over economic exploitation and the implementation of misguided social policies have institutionalized the practice of environmental injustice and, above all, of environmental racism throughout the world. Therefore, the defense of the environment also depends on tackling environmental inequality; It is not possible to combat the environmental crisis without, at the same time, promoting social justice. Recognition of the rights of social and racial minorities left behind in the development process is fundamental to social progress and to the building of fairer societies, including the environment. The environmental risks arising from the use of a capitalist and globalizing model of production and exploitation can not remain concentrated in the peripheries of large urban centers, preferably reaching populations already suffering from their position of social and environmental fragility. The present research aims to: a) identify the risks arising from globalization supported by a portion of the population in a way disproportionate to the benefits received; (B) to investigate the existence of a specific form of racism, the environmental racism and the manner in which it affects certain populations of developing countries with substantial natural resources; C) to verify, in the field of environmental law, in a mainly procedural dimension and from the environmental justice movement, the existence of mechanisms to combat the unequal criteria of distribution of environmental burdens.
Description
Keywords
Direito do ambiente Degradação ambiental Globalização Direitos humanos Racismo ambiental Justiça ambiental Democracia Teses de mestrado - 2018