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A ação administrativa de condenação à prática de ato devido foi inaugurada no ordenamento jurídico português através do Código de Processo nos Tribunais Administrativos em 2002, artigos 66º ao 71º, em substituição ao recurso contencioso de anulação que acabou por se tornar insuficiente nos novos caminhos que a Justiça Administrativa vem buscando, principalmente após as alterações que a Lei Constitucional nº 1/97 apresentou no artigo 268º da Constituição da República Portuguesa de 1976. Inicialmente, o Código de Processo nos Tribunais Administrativos apresentava duas formas de ação, a comum e a especial. A grande fonte de inspiração do legislador e juristas portugueses para a concretização da ação de condenação foi o ordenamento jurídico alemão e sua ação Verpflichtungsklage (ação de cumprimento de um dever ou ação de obrigação). A condenação à prática de ato devido era um dos pedidos, além da impugnação de atos administrativos, da ação administrativa especial. Contudo, com o advento do Decreto-Lei nº 214-G/2015, essa dualidade de ações na Justiça Administrativa passou a se concentrar apenas em uma, a ação administrativa. O artigo 66º do Código de Processo nos Tribunais Administrativos traz como sendo o objeto da ação administrativa de condenação a pretensão do interessado e não o ato de indeferimento. Por fim, os poderes de pronúncia do Tribunal na ação administrativa de condenação à prática do ato devido estão delimitados no artigo 71º. O Tribunal não pode se limitar a apenas devolver a questão ao órgão administrativo, ele deve pronunciar-se sobre a pretensão material do interessado. A decisão condenatória poderá determinar a prática de um ato administrativo seja ele de conteúdo vinculado ou discricionário, a depender do caso concreto.
Conclui-se que a ação de condenação à prática de ato devido é um verdadeiro mecanismo garantidor para manutenção do interesse público e para uma relação fraterna entre a sociedade e a Administração Pública.
The administrative action for condemnation for practice of due act was inaugurated in the Portuguese legal system through the Code of Procedure in the Administrative Courts in 2002, Articles 66º to 71º, replacing the contentious action of annulment that became insufficient in the new pathways that the Administrative Justice has been seeking, mainly after the changes that Constitutional Law nº 1/97 presented in Article 268º of the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic of 1976. Initially, the Code of Procedure in the Administrative Courts presented two forms of action, common and special. The great source of inspiration of the Portuguese legislature and jurists for the execution of the condemnation action was the German legal system and its action Verpflichtungsklage (action of fulfillment of a duty or obligation action). The condemnation to practice of due act was one of the requests, besides the impugnation of administrative acts, of the special administrative action. However, with the advent of Decree-Law nº 214-G / 2015, this duality of actions in Administrative Justice began to merge in one, the administrative action. The Article 66º of the Code of Procedure in the Administrative Courts brings, as the subject of the administrative action of conviction, the claim of the interested party and not the refusal act. Lastly, the Court's powers of decision in the administrative action to condemn the practice of due act are outlined in Article 71º. The Court can not limit itself to simply returning the question to the administrative body, it must rule on the material claim of the interested party. The condemnatory decision may determine the practice of an administrative act be it of linked or discretionary content, depending on the specific case. In conclusion, that the action of condemnation to the act of due act is a true guarantee mechanism for maintaining the public interest and for a fraternal relationship between the society and the Public Administration.
The administrative action for condemnation for practice of due act was inaugurated in the Portuguese legal system through the Code of Procedure in the Administrative Courts in 2002, Articles 66º to 71º, replacing the contentious action of annulment that became insufficient in the new pathways that the Administrative Justice has been seeking, mainly after the changes that Constitutional Law nº 1/97 presented in Article 268º of the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic of 1976. Initially, the Code of Procedure in the Administrative Courts presented two forms of action, common and special. The great source of inspiration of the Portuguese legislature and jurists for the execution of the condemnation action was the German legal system and its action Verpflichtungsklage (action of fulfillment of a duty or obligation action). The condemnation to practice of due act was one of the requests, besides the impugnation of administrative acts, of the special administrative action. However, with the advent of Decree-Law nº 214-G / 2015, this duality of actions in Administrative Justice began to merge in one, the administrative action. The Article 66º of the Code of Procedure in the Administrative Courts brings, as the subject of the administrative action of conviction, the claim of the interested party and not the refusal act. Lastly, the Court's powers of decision in the administrative action to condemn the practice of due act are outlined in Article 71º. The Court can not limit itself to simply returning the question to the administrative body, it must rule on the material claim of the interested party. The condemnatory decision may determine the practice of an administrative act be it of linked or discretionary content, depending on the specific case. In conclusion, that the action of condemnation to the act of due act is a true guarantee mechanism for maintaining the public interest and for a fraternal relationship between the society and the Public Administration.
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Keywords
Direito administrativo Contencioso administrativo Acto administrativo Acção de condenação Controlo jurisdicional Separação de poderes Teses de mestrado - 2019