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Abstract(s)
Bebidas energéticas são um conjunto de bebidas assim designadas devido à sensação de “explosão” de energia que provocam no indivíduo. São constituídas maioritariamente por cafeína, taurina, glucoronolactona, glucose, l-carnitina, extratos de plantas, como ginseng e guarana, e vitaminas, sendo que o teor destas substâncias é variável dependendo da marca comercial da bebida. A ausência de uma regulamentação mais rigorosa um pouco por todo o mundo fez com que esta indústria estabelecesse um marketing intenso e mais agressivo, com especial foco nos adolescentes e jovens adultos. Tem vindo a verificar-se um aumento da intoxicação por cafeína, o principal componente destas bebidas, e como tal têm vindo a realizar-se estudos no sentido de compreender quais os problemas de saúde que podem derivar do consumo de bebidas energéticas.
Vários estudos foram realizados no sentido de compreender de que modo é que as bebidas energéticas afetam diversas funções fisiológicas e psicológicas nos consumidores. Estudos indicam que o consumo de bebidas energéticas potencia o consumo de álcool e do tabaco, podendo até estar envolvido na dependência alcoólica em idade mais avançada; o consumo destas bebidas pode estar, de certo modo, relacionado com a epidemia de obesidade que tem aumentado de ano para ano; alterações ao nível cardiovascular, do sono, e da hiperatividade também foram associadas a este consumo; assim como alterações a nível do feto nas grávidas que consomem quantidades elevadas de cafeína durante a gravidez. Desta maneira torna-se imperativo compreender melhor as alterações a nível da saúde pública que se podem dever ao consumo exagerado destas bebidas. Este aspeto torna-se ainda mais importante porque qualquer pessoa, em qualquer superfície comercial, as pode adquirir sem qualquer controlo ou restrição. É portanto necessário aumentar o controlo legislativo sob estas bebidas.
Energy drinks are a set of beverages so designed because they are used to provide an extra boost in energy in consumers. They contain mostly caffeine, taurine, glucuronolactone, glucose, l-carnitine, plant extracts, such as ginseng and guarana, and vitamins, and the content of these substances is variable depending on the brand of beverage. The absence of stricter regulation all over the world made this industry establish an aggressive and intense marketing, with special focus on adolescents and young adults. It has been observed an increase of caffeine intoxication, the main component of these beverages, and so they have come to be carried out studies to understand the health problems that can arise from the consumption of energy drinks. Several studies have been made to understand in how is that energy drinks affect various physiological and psychological functions of the consumers. Studies indicate that the consumption of energy drinks potentiates consumption of alcohol and tobacco, and may even be involved in alcohol dependence in older age; the consumption of these beverages may be somewhat related to the obesity epidemic that has increased from year to year; cardiovascular, sleep, and hyperactivity changes were also attached to this use; as well as changes in the fetus in pregnant women who consume high amounts of caffeine during pregnancy. Thus it is imperative to understand the changes that can happen in the public health due to excessive consumption of these drinks, which can be purchased by anyone, in any commercial surface, and, if necessary, increase legislative control in these drinks.
Energy drinks are a set of beverages so designed because they are used to provide an extra boost in energy in consumers. They contain mostly caffeine, taurine, glucuronolactone, glucose, l-carnitine, plant extracts, such as ginseng and guarana, and vitamins, and the content of these substances is variable depending on the brand of beverage. The absence of stricter regulation all over the world made this industry establish an aggressive and intense marketing, with special focus on adolescents and young adults. It has been observed an increase of caffeine intoxication, the main component of these beverages, and so they have come to be carried out studies to understand the health problems that can arise from the consumption of energy drinks. Several studies have been made to understand in how is that energy drinks affect various physiological and psychological functions of the consumers. Studies indicate that the consumption of energy drinks potentiates consumption of alcohol and tobacco, and may even be involved in alcohol dependence in older age; the consumption of these beverages may be somewhat related to the obesity epidemic that has increased from year to year; cardiovascular, sleep, and hyperactivity changes were also attached to this use; as well as changes in the fetus in pregnant women who consume high amounts of caffeine during pregnancy. Thus it is imperative to understand the changes that can happen in the public health due to excessive consumption of these drinks, which can be purchased by anyone, in any commercial surface, and, if necessary, increase legislative control in these drinks.
Description
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2016
Keywords
Bebidas energéticas Saúde pública Cafeína Álcool Doença cardíaca Obesidade Mestrado Integrado - 2016