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O presente trabalho centra-se na Teoria da Vinculação de Bowlby, que assume que experiências precoces podem ser determinantes para a construção da personalidade do indivíduo e suas relações futuras (Bowlby, 1969). Tem como objectivo principal mostrar que as recordações dos cuidados recebidos na infância por parte dos cuidadores têm impacto sobre as representações de vinculação de crianças em idade pré-escolar. No estudo participaram 34 mães e os seus respectivos filhos com idade compreendida entre os 3 e os 6 anos, de ambos os sexos. Os instrumentos utilizados nesta investigação foram: um Questionário Sociodemográfico e Clínico, elaborado para determinar o papel de variáveis sociodemográficas; o Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) (Parker, Tupling& Brown, 1979, adaptação Portuguesa de Geada, 2003); a Attachment Story Completion Task (ASCT) (Bretherton e colaboradores, 1990, versão Portuguesa de Benavente, 2005). Primeiro foi aplicado às mães o Questionário Sociodemográfico, seguido do PBI, com o propósito de avaliar os cuidados recebidos na infância por parte dos cuidadores. A ASCT foi aplicada às crianças para avaliar as representações de vinculação. A hipótese geral que norteia este estudo antevê que as recordações dos cuidados recebidos na infância por parte dos cuidadores conseguem explicar a variância estatística das representações de vinculação em crianças com idade pré-escolar.
Verifica-se que os resultados não corroboram esta hipótese e conclui-se que as representações de vinculação das crianças em idade pré-escolar não são influenciadas pelas recordações da infância das suas mães, nem pelas variáveis sociodemográficas estudadas.
Foram sublinhadas limitações do estudo e referida a necessidade de investigações futuras no âmbito da vinculação.
This work focuses on Attachment Theory of Bowlby, which assumes that early experiences may be crucial for the construction of the individual's personality and their future relationships (Bowlby, 1969). Aims to show that the memories of childhood care received by caregivers have an impact on attachment representations in preschool children. In this study participated 34 mothers and their children aged between 3 and 6 years, of both sexes. The instruments used in this study were: A Clinical and Sociodemographic Questionnaire designed to determine the role of demographic variables; the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) (Parker, Tupling & Brown, 1979, Portuguese adaptation of Geada, 2003) and the Attachment Story Completion Task (ASCT) (Bretherton et al., 1990; Portuguese version of Benavente, 2005). It was first applied to the mothers the Sociodemographic Questionnaire, followed by PBI, with the purpose of evaluating the care received in childhood by caregivers. The ASCT was applied to children to assess attachment representations. The general hypothesis guiding this study predicts that the memories of childhood care received by caregivers can explain the statistical variance of attachment representations in preschool children. It is found that the results do not support the hypothesis and conclude that the attachment representations in preschool children are not influenced by memories of their mother’s infancy or by sociodemographic variables. Study limitations were underlined and referred to the need of future investigations in the area of attachment.
This work focuses on Attachment Theory of Bowlby, which assumes that early experiences may be crucial for the construction of the individual's personality and their future relationships (Bowlby, 1969). Aims to show that the memories of childhood care received by caregivers have an impact on attachment representations in preschool children. In this study participated 34 mothers and their children aged between 3 and 6 years, of both sexes. The instruments used in this study were: A Clinical and Sociodemographic Questionnaire designed to determine the role of demographic variables; the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) (Parker, Tupling & Brown, 1979, Portuguese adaptation of Geada, 2003) and the Attachment Story Completion Task (ASCT) (Bretherton et al., 1990; Portuguese version of Benavente, 2005). It was first applied to the mothers the Sociodemographic Questionnaire, followed by PBI, with the purpose of evaluating the care received in childhood by caregivers. The ASCT was applied to children to assess attachment representations. The general hypothesis guiding this study predicts that the memories of childhood care received by caregivers can explain the statistical variance of attachment representations in preschool children. It is found that the results do not support the hypothesis and conclude that the attachment representations in preschool children are not influenced by memories of their mother’s infancy or by sociodemographic variables. Study limitations were underlined and referred to the need of future investigations in the area of attachment.
Descrição
Tese de Mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Núcleo de Psicologia Clínica Dinâmica), 2014
Palavras-chave
Estilos de vinculação Cuidados com a criança Vinculação Teses de mestrado - 2014
