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Na atualidade, a criança é um ser de direitos. De todos os direitos atualmente reconhecidos às crianças, o direito a serem ouvidas e as suas opiniões reconhecidas tomou uma forte posição assente no nosso ordenamento jurídico, através da ratificação da Convenção sobre os Direitos da Criança. No direito internacional este princípio encontra-se estipulado no artigo 12.º da Convenção sobre os Direitos da Criança, sendo que o mesmo se encontra ligado ao princípio do superior interesse da criança, presente no artigo 3.º da referida Convenção. A presente dissertação tem como objetivo a análise do princípio do superior interesse da criança, correlacionado com o princípio da audição e participação da criança, nos processos que lhe digam respeito, através de um estudo dos processos em que as crianças podem ser ouvidas, bem como uma análise da sua implementação no direito interno, partindo do estudo da sua evolução história no direito nacional e internacional. No âmbito da presente dissertação será ainda analisado o impacto dos meios e da forma em que esta audição é realizada e quais os aspetos possíveis a melhorar no ordenamento jurídico português, garantindo desta forma que o efetivo superior interesse da criança e todos os seus demais direitos, em especial o direito à sua audição, possam ser de facto garantidos e cumpridos de uma forma segura e protegida no meio judicial.
Nowadays, the child is a being with its own rights. Of all the rights currently recognized for children, the right to be heard and have theiropinions recognized has been strongly embedded in our legal system, through the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. In international law, this principle is stipulated in article 12 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which is connected with the best interests of the child principle, as set forth in article 3 of the aforementioned Convention. This thesis aims to analyze the right of the child to be heard principle and the participation of the child, as connected with the best interests of the child principle, in the proceedings that concern the child, through a study of the proceedings in which children can be heard, as well as an analysis of their implementation. in domestic law, starting from the study of its historical evolution in national and international law. The impact of the means and the way in which this hearing is carried out will also be analyzed within this thesis, including which aspects can be improved in the Portuguese legal system, thus ensuring that the effective best interests of the child and all of their rights, in particular the right of the child to be heard, can in fact be assured and fulfilled in a safe and protected manner, in the judicial system.
Nowadays, the child is a being with its own rights. Of all the rights currently recognized for children, the right to be heard and have theiropinions recognized has been strongly embedded in our legal system, through the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. In international law, this principle is stipulated in article 12 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which is connected with the best interests of the child principle, as set forth in article 3 of the aforementioned Convention. This thesis aims to analyze the right of the child to be heard principle and the participation of the child, as connected with the best interests of the child principle, in the proceedings that concern the child, through a study of the proceedings in which children can be heard, as well as an analysis of their implementation. in domestic law, starting from the study of its historical evolution in national and international law. The impact of the means and the way in which this hearing is carried out will also be analyzed within this thesis, including which aspects can be improved in the Portuguese legal system, thus ensuring that the effective best interests of the child and all of their rights, in particular the right of the child to be heard, can in fact be assured and fulfilled in a safe and protected manner, in the judicial system.
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Palavras-chave
Convenção sobre os Direitos da Criança Direitos da criança Audição Participação Superior interesse da criança Teses de mestrado - 2025 Convention on the Rights of the Child Child rights Hearing Participation of the child The best interests of the child
