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O atual estado de emergência climática determina a urgente necessidade de uma transição energética a ser acompanhada por um processo de descarbonização, que se vai repercutir essencialmente no setor automóvel, por ser aquele em que essa transição é mais fácil de concretizar, quando comparada com os demais setores industriais. A legislação europeia, que se encontra em evolução constante, define metas exigentes para diminuição de emissão de gases de CO2 com efeito de estufa na atmosfera. Há que substituir os combustíveis fósseis por baterias compostas por lítio. A necessidade de baterias para novos veículos elétricos vai determinar o processo de mineração de lítio. Portugal, que tem das maiores reservas europeias, pode assumir um papel fundamental nesta problemática. No entanto esta atividade gera impactos sociais e ambientais que têm de ser acautelados. Por um lado, as populações não querem que essa se dê na sua região e defendem que os seus direitos devem ser acautelados. Por outra lado, a Administração tem de atuar com novas regras procedimentais como seja o respeito pelo princípio da proporcionalidade, com o direito de participação e audição dos interessados, o acesso à informação para que possam tomar melhores decisões, tendo sempre por base o princípio da transparência. O Decreto-Lei n.º 30/2021, que regula toda a atividade de revelação e exploração de recursos minerais, tem como eixo principal o conceito de green mining. Procura a proteção do meio ambiente, indo mais além do que o Regime Jurídico da Avaliação de Impacto Ambiental, mas ainda tem margem para ser mais ambicioso.
The current state of climate emergency determines the urgent need for an energy transition to be accompanied by a decarbonization process, which will essentially have repercussions on the automotive sector, as it is the one in which this transition is easier to achieve, when compared to the others. industrial sectors. European legislation, which is constantly evolving, sets demanding targets for reducing greenhouse gas CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. Fossil fuels must be replaced with batteries made of lithium. The need for batteries for new electric vehicles will determine the lithium mining process. Portugal, which has one of the largest European reserves, can play a fundamental role in this problem. However, this activity generates social and environmental impacts that must be taken into account. On the one hand, the populations do not want this to happen in their region and argue that their rights must be protected. On the other hand, the Administration has to act with new procedural rules such as respect for the principle of proportionality, with the right of participation and hearing of interested parties, access to information so that they can make better decisions, always based on the principle of transparency. Decree-Law No. 30/2021, which regulates all activities involving the discovery and exploration of mineral resources, has as its main axis the concept of green mining. It seeks to protect the environment, going further than the Environmental Impact Assessment Legal Regime, but still has room to be more ambitious.
The current state of climate emergency determines the urgent need for an energy transition to be accompanied by a decarbonization process, which will essentially have repercussions on the automotive sector, as it is the one in which this transition is easier to achieve, when compared to the others. industrial sectors. European legislation, which is constantly evolving, sets demanding targets for reducing greenhouse gas CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. Fossil fuels must be replaced with batteries made of lithium. The need for batteries for new electric vehicles will determine the lithium mining process. Portugal, which has one of the largest European reserves, can play a fundamental role in this problem. However, this activity generates social and environmental impacts that must be taken into account. On the one hand, the populations do not want this to happen in their region and argue that their rights must be protected. On the other hand, the Administration has to act with new procedural rules such as respect for the principle of proportionality, with the right of participation and hearing of interested parties, access to information so that they can make better decisions, always based on the principle of transparency. Decree-Law No. 30/2021, which regulates all activities involving the discovery and exploration of mineral resources, has as its main axis the concept of green mining. It seeks to protect the environment, going further than the Environmental Impact Assessment Legal Regime, but still has room to be more ambitious.
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Alterações climáticas Transição energética Lítio Green mining Legislação Teses de mestrado - 2024 Climate change Energy transition Lithium mining green mining Legislation
