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Introdução: Os traços patológicos de personalidade têm vindo a ser associados à psicopatologia, nomeadamente à ansiedade. Por seu turno, a resiliência é um fator protetor do indivíduo em relação a determinadas perturbações mentais, entre as quais as perturbações de ansiedade. O presente estudo pretende explorar uma compreensão da resiliência na relação com os traços patológicos de personalidade na população normativa com evidência de sintomatologia ansiosa, de forma a orientar intervenções futuras com base na promoção da resiliência. Objetivos: (1) Caracterizar dois grupos com diferentes níveis de ansiedade (grupo BA e grupo EA) quanto às variáveis sociodemográficas - sexo, idade e nível de escolaridade; (2) Analisar a relação entre os traços patológicos de personalidade e a resiliência, nos dois grupos; (3) Comparar os valores médios dos traços patológicos de personalidade entre os grupos; (4) Comparar o valor médio da resiliência entre os grupos; (5) Explorar os modelos de regressão que predizem a resiliência, tendo como preditores os traços patológicos de personalidade, em ambos os grupos. Método: Dois grupos com diferente sintomatologia ansiosa: Grupo BA (sintomatologia de ansiedade baixa), com 95 participantes da população normativa (M = 40.48 anos; DP = 11.84 anos); Grupo EA (sintomatologia de ansiedade elevada), com 101 participantes da população normativa (M = 40.90 anos; DP = 14.59 anos). Foram administrados três questionários de autorrelato: PID-5 (Personality Inventory for DSM-5), CD-RISC (Escala de Resiliência de Connor-Davidson) e BSI (Brief Symptoms Inventory). Resultados: Salienta-se que, as mulheres têm maior proporção no grupo EA, não havendo resultados significativos para a idade e para o nível de escolaridade. Os traços patológicos de personalidade Desprendimento, Antagonismo e Desinibição encontram-se relacionados inversamente com a resiliência no grupo BA. Por seu turno, no grupo EA, o Desprendimento, Desinibição e Psicoticismo encontram-se relacionados inversamente com a resiliência. Os valores médios dos traços patológicos de personalidade são mais elevados no grupo EA. Os valores médios de resiliência são mais elevados no grupo BA. O traço Afetividade Negativa prediz a resiliência em ambos os grupos. Discussão: São discutidas implicações para a compreensão das relações entre os traços patológicos de personalidade e a resiliência, bem como o papel da resiliência como fator protetor da relação entre personalidade e psicopatologia.
Introduction: Pathological personality traits have been associated with psychopathology, particularly anxiety. In turn, resilience is a protective factor for individuals in relation to certain mental disorders, including anxiety disorders. This study aims to explore an understanding of resilience in relation to pathological personality traits in the normative population with evidence of anxiety symptoms, in order to guide future interventions based on promoting resilience. Objectives: (1) To characterize the two groups (BA group and EA group) in terms of sociodemographic variables - gender, age and level of education; (2) To analyse the relationship between pathological personality traits and resilience, in the two groups; (3) To compare the mean values of pathological personality traits between the groups; (4) To compare the mean value of resilience between the groups; (5) To explore the regression models that predict resilience, with pathological personality traits as predictors, in both groups. Method: Two groups with different anxiety symptomatology: Group BA (low anxiety symptomatology), with 95 participants from the normative population (M = 40.48 years; SD = 11.84 years); Group EA (high anxiety symptomatology), with 101 participants from the normative population (M = 40.90 years; SD = 14.59 years). Three self-report questionnaires were administered: PID-5 (Personality Inventory for DSM-5), CD-RISC (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale) and BSI (Brief Symptoms Inventory). Results: It is noteworthy that women have a higher proportion in the EA group, with no significant results for age or level of education. The pathological personality traits Detachment, Antagonism and Disinhibition are inversely related to resilience in the BA group. On the other hand, in the EA group, Detachment, Disinhibition and Psychoticism are inversely related to resilience. The average values for pathological personality traits are higher in the EA group. The mean values for resilience are higher in the BA group. The trait Negative Affectivity predicts resilience in both groups. Discussion: Implications for understanding the relationship between pathological personality traits and resilience are discussed, as well as the role of resilience as a protective factor in the relationship between personality and psychopathology.
Introduction: Pathological personality traits have been associated with psychopathology, particularly anxiety. In turn, resilience is a protective factor for individuals in relation to certain mental disorders, including anxiety disorders. This study aims to explore an understanding of resilience in relation to pathological personality traits in the normative population with evidence of anxiety symptoms, in order to guide future interventions based on promoting resilience. Objectives: (1) To characterize the two groups (BA group and EA group) in terms of sociodemographic variables - gender, age and level of education; (2) To analyse the relationship between pathological personality traits and resilience, in the two groups; (3) To compare the mean values of pathological personality traits between the groups; (4) To compare the mean value of resilience between the groups; (5) To explore the regression models that predict resilience, with pathological personality traits as predictors, in both groups. Method: Two groups with different anxiety symptomatology: Group BA (low anxiety symptomatology), with 95 participants from the normative population (M = 40.48 years; SD = 11.84 years); Group EA (high anxiety symptomatology), with 101 participants from the normative population (M = 40.90 years; SD = 14.59 years). Three self-report questionnaires were administered: PID-5 (Personality Inventory for DSM-5), CD-RISC (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale) and BSI (Brief Symptoms Inventory). Results: It is noteworthy that women have a higher proportion in the EA group, with no significant results for age or level of education. The pathological personality traits Detachment, Antagonism and Disinhibition are inversely related to resilience in the BA group. On the other hand, in the EA group, Detachment, Disinhibition and Psychoticism are inversely related to resilience. The average values for pathological personality traits are higher in the EA group. The mean values for resilience are higher in the BA group. The trait Negative Affectivity predicts resilience in both groups. Discussion: Implications for understanding the relationship between pathological personality traits and resilience are discussed, as well as the role of resilience as a protective factor in the relationship between personality and psychopathology.
Description
Dissertação de mestrado, Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde (Área de Especialização em Psicologia Clínica Dinâmica), 2023, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia
Keywords
Traços de personalidade Resiliência Ansiedade The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) Transtornos de personalidade Dissertações de mestrado - 2023