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Aprender com os "nossos" : transmissão intergeracional e socialização étnico-racial nas famílias afrodescendentes em Portugal
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Resumo(s)
A investigação na área da Psicologia Sistémica tem vindo a estudar a transmissão intergeracional,
isto é, a transferência interativa e recíproca de mensagens, conhecimentos, crenças, valores e/ ou
práticas de gerações mais velhas para as mais novas (Barni et al., 2011; Falcke & Wagner, 2005;
Tam, 2015). Considerando o contexto histórico, social e político de Portugal, em grande medida
marcado e moldado pelo passado colonial, assumiu-se como preponderante, neste estudo, atentar
aos processos e práticas de socialização presentes nos sistemas familiares da comunidade
afrodescendente residentes no país. Dada a sua posição enquanto população minoritária inserida
num meio sociocultural distinto do de origem, nestas famílias, onde frequentemente são
reportadas experiências de racismo e discriminação, a transmissão intergeracional é, sobretudo,
distinta no que a mensagens étnico-raciais diz respeito (Coard, 2005). Neste sentido, dando ênfase
à socialização étnico-racial (SER), já muito investigada e explorada nos Estados Unidos da
América, na presente dissertação, pretende-se conhecer, explorar e compreender quais os valores,
as práticas, as crenças e/ ou os conhecimentos que as famílias afrodescendentes inseridas no
contexto português consideram importantes ensinar e transmitir à geração seguinte. Com vista a
responder a estas metas exploratórias, nesta investigação qualitativa, conduziram-se entrevistas
semiestruturadas, na sua maioria diádicas, a nove afrodescendentes (n=9), selecionados por
conveniência e dos quais oito se organizaram em quatro díades familiares, compostas por dois
membros de diferentes gerações pertencentes a uma mesma família afrodescendente residente em
Portugal. Da análise temática realizada aos dados recolhidos, emergiram duas subcategorias
relativas às experiências de migração, que permitiram não só caracterizar as motivações para o
processo migratório dos afrodescendentes entrevistados, como também contextualizar e avaliar a
sua adaptação ao novo contexto sociocultural. Além disto, surgiram três subtemas referentes à
socialização étnico-racial no seio dos sistemas familiares dos participantes, através dos quais se
caracterizaram os conteúdos, as circunstâncias e as diferentes configurações metodológicas deste
processo de transmissão na realidade das famílias colaborantes. Finalmente, ainda se encontraram
uma categoria alusiva ao lusotropicalismo e às suas implicações atuais nas vivências dos
afrodescendentes em Portugal, bem como dois subtemas relativos às perceções de racismo dos
participantes, descritores de diferentes tipos de manifestação deste fenómeno social na
experiência desta comunidade minoritária e de formas distintas de reagir ao mesmo. Em função
dos resultados obtidos, são apresentadas as principais conclusões do presente trabalho, discutidas
algumas das suas limitações e exploradas sugestões para futuras investigações neste âmbito.
Research in the systemic psychology field has been studying intergenerational transmission, that is, the interactive and reciprocal transfer of messages, knowledge, beliefs, values and/ or practices from older to younger generations (Barni et al., 2011; Falcke & Wagner, 2005; Tam, 2015). Considering Portugal’s historical, social and political context, largely marked and shaped by its colonial past, in this study, we assumed that it was preponderant to pay attention to the socialization processes and practices present in the family systems of the afrodescendant community residing in the country. Given their position as a minority living in a different socio cultural environment from the one of origin, in these families, that frequently report racism and discrimination experiences, intergenerational transmission is, especially, distinct when it comes to its ethnic-racial messages (Coard, 2005). In this sense and emphasizing the ethnic-racial socialization (ERS), already widely investigated and explored in the United States of America, in this dissertation, we intend to get to know, explore and understand what values, practices, beliefs and/ or knowledge afrodescendant families in the portuguese context consider important to teach and transmit to the next generation. To respond to these exploratory objectives, in this qualitative investigation, semi-structured and mostly dyadic interviews were conducted with nine afrodescendants (n=9), selected by convenience and of which eight were organized into four family dyads, consisting of two members from different generations of the same afrodescendant family residing in Portugal. From the thematic analysis carried out with the collected data, two subcategories related to migration experiences emerged, which allowed not only to characterize the motivations behind the migratory process of the interviewed afrodescendants, but also to contextualize and evaluate their adaptation to their new sociocultural context. In addition, another three subthemes relating to the ethnic-racial socialization within the participants' family systems arised, through which the contents, circumstances and different methodological configurations of this transmission process were characterized, according to the reality of the collaborating families. Finally, we also found one category alluding to lusotropicalism and its current implications in the afrodescendents’ experiences in Portugal, as well as two subthemes related to the participants' perceptions of racism, that describe both different types of manifestations of this social phenomenon and multiple ways of reacting to it in light of the experiences of this minority community. Based on the obtained results, the main conclusions of the present work are presented, some of its limitations are discussed and suggestions for future research on its topic are explored.
Research in the systemic psychology field has been studying intergenerational transmission, that is, the interactive and reciprocal transfer of messages, knowledge, beliefs, values and/ or practices from older to younger generations (Barni et al., 2011; Falcke & Wagner, 2005; Tam, 2015). Considering Portugal’s historical, social and political context, largely marked and shaped by its colonial past, in this study, we assumed that it was preponderant to pay attention to the socialization processes and practices present in the family systems of the afrodescendant community residing in the country. Given their position as a minority living in a different socio cultural environment from the one of origin, in these families, that frequently report racism and discrimination experiences, intergenerational transmission is, especially, distinct when it comes to its ethnic-racial messages (Coard, 2005). In this sense and emphasizing the ethnic-racial socialization (ERS), already widely investigated and explored in the United States of America, in this dissertation, we intend to get to know, explore and understand what values, practices, beliefs and/ or knowledge afrodescendant families in the portuguese context consider important to teach and transmit to the next generation. To respond to these exploratory objectives, in this qualitative investigation, semi-structured and mostly dyadic interviews were conducted with nine afrodescendants (n=9), selected by convenience and of which eight were organized into four family dyads, consisting of two members from different generations of the same afrodescendant family residing in Portugal. From the thematic analysis carried out with the collected data, two subcategories related to migration experiences emerged, which allowed not only to characterize the motivations behind the migratory process of the interviewed afrodescendants, but also to contextualize and evaluate their adaptation to their new sociocultural context. In addition, another three subthemes relating to the ethnic-racial socialization within the participants' family systems arised, through which the contents, circumstances and different methodological configurations of this transmission process were characterized, according to the reality of the collaborating families. Finally, we also found one category alluding to lusotropicalism and its current implications in the afrodescendents’ experiences in Portugal, as well as two subthemes related to the participants' perceptions of racism, that describe both different types of manifestations of this social phenomenon and multiple ways of reacting to it in light of the experiences of this minority community. Based on the obtained results, the main conclusions of the present work are presented, some of its limitations are discussed and suggestions for future research on its topic are explored.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado, Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde (Área de Especialização em Psicologia Clínica Sistémica – Contextos Familiar, Comunitário e Forense), 2023, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia
Palavras-chave
Famílias afrodescendentes Racismo Transmissão intergeracional Socialização Colonialismo Dissertações de mestrado - 2023