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Volume de treino e a incidência de lesões nos atletas portugueses de Luta Olímpica
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É sabido que as lesões são um fenómeno multifatorial e influenciam a performance dos atletas desportivos, como é o caso, daqueles que praticam Lutas Olímpicas. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar qual a tipologia de lesões e volume de treino reportado em atletas de Luta Olímpica, de duas variantes: luta greco-romana e luta livre. Durante um torneio Nacional Português realizado em Março de 2023, 31 atletas portugueses de Luta Olímpica (19 do estilo greco-romano e 12 do estilo livre) foram inquiridos sobre as suas características demográficas, clínicas e práticas de treino. Seguidamente, procedeu-se á realização de estatísticas descritivas utilizando tabelas de contingência e estatísticas inferenciais usando testes não paramétricos através do software de analise de dados SPSS. Mais de 90% dos atletas reportaram um volume de treino semanal de 5 ou menos treinos por semana e só 45% dos atletas têm 7 ou mais anos de tempo de prática. Verificou-se que as lesões no tronco e nos membros inferiores são as mais reportadas pelos atletas. Os atletas do estilo greco-romano reportaram mais entorses e lesões musculares, enquanto no estilo livre reportaram mais fraturas ósseas. A maior parte das lesões ocorrem em contexto de competição e o mecanismo de lesão mais frequente são as quedas nomeadamente o tordanche e supplex. Com base nos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que no âmbito da prática das Lutas Olímpicas, existem aparentemente diferenças entre o estilo de luta greco-romana e o estilo de luta livre ao nível do tipo e mecanismo de lesões. Futura investigação deverá procurar validar se a informação prestada por esta amostra de atletas de Luta é representativa da população de atletas de Luta Olímpica, assim como examinar a validade da informação prestada a nível clínico.
It is well known that injuries are a multifactorial phenomenon and influence the performance of sports athletes, such as those who practice Olympic Wrestling. This study aimed to determine the type of injuries and the training volume reported by Olympic Wrestling athletes, from two variants: Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling. During a Portuguese National Tournament held in March 2023, 31 Portuguese Olympic Wrestling athletes (19 of Greco-Roman style and 12 of freestyle) were surveyed about their demographic and clinical characteristics, and their training practices. Subsequently, descriptive statistics were performed using contingency tables and inferential statistics using non-parametric tests through the data analysis software SPSS. More than 90% of the athletes reported a weekly training volume of 5 or fewer workouts per week and only 45% of athletes have 7 or more years of practice time. It was found that injuries to the trunk and lower limbs are the most reported by athletes. Greco-Roman style athletes reported more sprains and muscle injuries, while freestyle athletes reported more bone fractures. Most injuries occur in a competition context, and the most frequent injury mechanisms are falls, notably the tordanche and supplex. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that within the practice of Olympic Wrestling, there are apparent differences between the Greco-Roman style and freestyle wrestling in terms of the type and mechanism of injuries. Future research should seek to validate whether the information provided by this sample of wrestling athletes is representative of the population of Olympic Wrestling athletes, as well as examine the validity of the information provided at the clinical level
It is well known that injuries are a multifactorial phenomenon and influence the performance of sports athletes, such as those who practice Olympic Wrestling. This study aimed to determine the type of injuries and the training volume reported by Olympic Wrestling athletes, from two variants: Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling. During a Portuguese National Tournament held in March 2023, 31 Portuguese Olympic Wrestling athletes (19 of Greco-Roman style and 12 of freestyle) were surveyed about their demographic and clinical characteristics, and their training practices. Subsequently, descriptive statistics were performed using contingency tables and inferential statistics using non-parametric tests through the data analysis software SPSS. More than 90% of the athletes reported a weekly training volume of 5 or fewer workouts per week and only 45% of athletes have 7 or more years of practice time. It was found that injuries to the trunk and lower limbs are the most reported by athletes. Greco-Roman style athletes reported more sprains and muscle injuries, while freestyle athletes reported more bone fractures. Most injuries occur in a competition context, and the most frequent injury mechanisms are falls, notably the tordanche and supplex. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that within the practice of Olympic Wrestling, there are apparent differences between the Greco-Roman style and freestyle wrestling in terms of the type and mechanism of injuries. Future research should seek to validate whether the information provided by this sample of wrestling athletes is representative of the population of Olympic Wrestling athletes, as well as examine the validity of the information provided at the clinical level
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Luta Olímpica Luta Greco-Romana Luta Livre Lesão Performance Entorse Fraturas Treino Competição Jogos Olímpicos Wrestling Greco-Roman Wrestling Freestyle Wrestling Injury Performance Sprains Fractures Training Competition Olympic Games