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A tensão comercial entre os EUA e a União Europeia : avaliação de impactos
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As economias dos EUA e da UE em conjunto, representam cerca de metade de todo o PIB mundial e quase um terço dos fluxos comerciais mundiais (CE, 2013). Os dois lados do atlântico continuam a ser os maiores parceiros comerciais e de investimento. No entanto, ultimamente, tem-se assistido a uma desordem nas relações económicas e políticas transatlânticas. Uma das grandes causas da tensão foram as tarifas americanas sobre as importações de aço e alumínio, introduzidas pela administração de Trump em nome da segurança nacional, e as consequentes tarifas de retaliação da UE. De acordo com o ex-presidente Donald J. Trump: !Tariffs are the greatest! Either a country which has treated the United States unfairly on Trade negotiates a fair deal, or it gets hit with Tariffs. It"s as simple as that - and everybody"s talking! Remember, we are the !piggy bank” that"s being robbed. All will be Great!” [(@realDonaldTrump), 24 Julho de 2018] Neste estudo, é analisado o efeito das sanções da Secção 232 sobre as importações de aço e alumínio, avaliando o seu impacto nas exportações da EU para o EUA. Concluiu-se que, embora diminuto, houve um impacto negativo sobre as exportações da UE para os Estados Unidos. Perante as hipóteses definidas, os países mais afetados são os Países Baixos, a Suécia, a Alemanha e a Itália.
The economies of the US and the EU together account for about half of all global GDP and almost a third of global trade flows (EC, 2013). The two sides of the Atlantic remain each other's largest trade and investment partners. However, lately, there has been a disruption in transatlantic economic and political relations. A major cause of the tension has been the US tariffs on steel and aluminium imports, introduced by the Trump administration in the name of national security, and the resulting retaliatory tariffs from the EU. According to former President Donald J. Trump: "Tariffs are the greatest! Either a country which has treated the United States unfairly on Trade negotiates a fair deal, or it gets hit with Tariffs. It's as simple as that - and everybody's talking! Remember, we are the "piggy bank" that's being robbed. All will be Great!" [(@realDonaldTrump), 24 July 2018] In this study, the effect of Section 232 sanctions on steel and aluminium imports is analyzed by assessing their impact on EU exports to the US. It was concluded that, although small, there was a negative impact on EU exports to the United States. Under the hypotheses made, the countries most affected are the Netherlands, Sweden, Germany and Italy.
The economies of the US and the EU together account for about half of all global GDP and almost a third of global trade flows (EC, 2013). The two sides of the Atlantic remain each other's largest trade and investment partners. However, lately, there has been a disruption in transatlantic economic and political relations. A major cause of the tension has been the US tariffs on steel and aluminium imports, introduced by the Trump administration in the name of national security, and the resulting retaliatory tariffs from the EU. According to former President Donald J. Trump: "Tariffs are the greatest! Either a country which has treated the United States unfairly on Trade negotiates a fair deal, or it gets hit with Tariffs. It's as simple as that - and everybody's talking! Remember, we are the "piggy bank" that's being robbed. All will be Great!" [(@realDonaldTrump), 24 July 2018] In this study, the effect of Section 232 sanctions on steel and aluminium imports is analyzed by assessing their impact on EU exports to the US. It was concluded that, although small, there was a negative impact on EU exports to the United States. Under the hypotheses made, the countries most affected are the Netherlands, Sweden, Germany and Italy.
Descrição
Mestrado Bolonha em Economia Internacional e Estudos Europeus
Palavras-chave
Estados Unidos da América União Europeia Tensão Comercial Protecionismo Exportações Aço e alumínio Organização Mundial do Comércio United States of America European Union Trade tension Protectionism Exports Steel and aluminium World Trade Organization
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Pata, Maria do Mar Mendes (2021). "A tensão comercial entre os EUA e a União Europeia : avaliação de impactos". Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão.
Editora
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão