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Políticas Públicas e Saúde Mental: análise da perceção dos cidadãos
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Desde a implementação do modelo da New Public surgiram mais dois paradigmas da
Administração Pública para fazer fase aos desafios que os países enfrentam, denominam-se
de New Public Service e New Public Governance. Estes dois modelos, ainda que altamente
teóricos, focam a sua atenção na parceria entre o setor público e o cidadão de forma a
encontrarem soluções ótimas para colmatar as falhas de mercado.
Em termos de Saúde Mental, Administração Pública e Políticas Públicas os estudos ainda são
parcos. A questão de bem-estar coletivo, produtividade económica e igualdade social
associa-se quase automaticamente à Saúde Mental. Com o aumento exponencial e
progressivo de indivíduos com doenças mentais, o desafio é global. O Plano Nacional de
Saúde Mental (PNSM) 2007 – 2016 com extensão até 2020, impulsionado pela Organização
Mundial de Saúde, é reflexo dessa preocupação. Esta investigação visa dar voz aos cidadãos
no sentido de determinar a sua posição em termos de responsabilização individual, do
Estado, de outros stakeholders, e ainda relativamente a conceitos como inclusão, exclusão,
justiça social e reciprocidade e estigma em relação aos indivíduos com transtornos mentais.
Foi possível concluir que existem dois grupos com opiniões opostas em relação às políticas
públicas. Um dos grupos é mais cético e o outro que engloba a maioria dos entrevistados, é
mais crédulo em relação às políticas públicas. Os crédulos responsabilizam tanto o Estado
como a família, instituições religiosas e o próprio doente na sua recuperação. Defendem que
é justo os contribuintes pagarem pelos tratamentos e outros custos desenvolvidos nos
cuidados de Saúde Mental sem receberem nenhuma contrapartida. É também o grupo que
apresenta mais estigma em relação aos doentes mentais o que origina a exclusão social,
facilitando o desemprego, a quebra de produtividade e consequentemente as desigualdades
sociais. Estes resultados justificam a importância da intervenção do Estado e da efetiva
implementação de políticas públicas como o PNSM 2007-2016 com extensão até 2020.
Since the emergence of the New Public Management model that aims to integrate private sector tools in the public to achieve more effectiveness and efficiency, two more paradigms of Public Administration have emerged to address the challenges facing countries, called New Public Service and New Public Governance.These latter two models, while highly theoretical, focus their attention on the partnership between the public sector and the citizen in order to find optimal solutions to fill market failures. In terms of Mental Health the studies are meager. The question of collective well-being, economic productivity and social equality is almost automatically associated with Mental Health. With the exponential and progressive increase of people with mental illness, the problem is worrying globally. The National Mental Health Plan 2007 - 2016, to be extended by 2020, promoted by the World Health Organization, is a reflection of this concern. This research aims to give citizens a voice to understand their position in terms of accountability of the State, others stakeholders, the citizen and also regarding concepts such as inclusion, exclusion, social justice and reciprocity and stigma in relation to individuals with mental disorders. It was possible to conclude that there are two groups with opposing opinions regarding public policies. One of the groups is skeptical and the other that encompasses most of the respondents is more credulous. The group with more positive attitudes assign the responsability to the State as well as the family, religious institutions and the patient himself in his recovery. They argue that it is fair for taxpayers to pay for treatments and other costs incurred in Mental Health care without recapturing any consideration. It is also the group that shows more stigma in relation to the mentally ill, which causes social exclusion, facilitating unemployment, lowering productivity and, consequently, social inequalities. These results justify the importance of State intervention and the successful implementation of health policies such as the National Mental Health Plan 2007-2016, extended until 2020.
Since the emergence of the New Public Management model that aims to integrate private sector tools in the public to achieve more effectiveness and efficiency, two more paradigms of Public Administration have emerged to address the challenges facing countries, called New Public Service and New Public Governance.These latter two models, while highly theoretical, focus their attention on the partnership between the public sector and the citizen in order to find optimal solutions to fill market failures. In terms of Mental Health the studies are meager. The question of collective well-being, economic productivity and social equality is almost automatically associated with Mental Health. With the exponential and progressive increase of people with mental illness, the problem is worrying globally. The National Mental Health Plan 2007 - 2016, to be extended by 2020, promoted by the World Health Organization, is a reflection of this concern. This research aims to give citizens a voice to understand their position in terms of accountability of the State, others stakeholders, the citizen and also regarding concepts such as inclusion, exclusion, social justice and reciprocity and stigma in relation to individuals with mental disorders. It was possible to conclude that there are two groups with opposing opinions regarding public policies. One of the groups is skeptical and the other that encompasses most of the respondents is more credulous. The group with more positive attitudes assign the responsability to the State as well as the family, religious institutions and the patient himself in his recovery. They argue that it is fair for taxpayers to pay for treatments and other costs incurred in Mental Health care without recapturing any consideration. It is also the group that shows more stigma in relation to the mentally ill, which causes social exclusion, facilitating unemployment, lowering productivity and, consequently, social inequalities. These results justify the importance of State intervention and the successful implementation of health policies such as the National Mental Health Plan 2007-2016, extended until 2020.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão e Políticas Públicas
Palavras-chave
Políticas Públicas Nova Gestão Pública Políticas de Saúde Saúde Mental Estigma Plano Nacional de Saúde Mental Public Policies New Public Management Health Policies Mental Health Stigma Plano Nacional de Saúde Mental
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas