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A experiência de desemprego involuntário: o caso dos ex-trabalhadores dos Estaleiros de Construção Naval de Viana do Castelo
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Este trabalho tem como objectivo central procurar compreender a experiência de desemprego involuntário dos ex-trabalhadores dos Estaleiros Navais de Viana do Castelo (ENVC). O estudo assentou no pressuposto de que o desemprego representa um acontecimento complexo – assim como o são também as experiências e as estratégias individuais para lidar com a situação. Seguindo uma metodologia mista, realizaram-se 115 inquéritos por questionário e 10 entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Os resultados evidenciam diversidade de trajectórias individuais e profissionais que parecem ter implicações na situação actual dos ex-trabalhadores. Alguns experienciaram uma transição suave após o encerramento da empresa, enquanto para outros a perda de emprego teve efeitos mais severos. Estes últimos, apresentando piores indicadores de bem-estar subjectivo, registavam maioritariamente situações de desemprego de longa e muito longa duração. A idade parece estar associada aos efeitos mais adversos relativamente à probabilidade de reingresso no mercado de trabalho, sendo que o grupo de desempregados coincide globalmente com o grupo de indivíduos com 55 ou mais anos. Do ponto de vista da Perspectiva de curso de vida e atendendo às conexões entre vidas, tempos e lugares, esta evidência sugere que a situação dos trabalhadores mais velhos é especialmente preocupante e trará certamente importantes implicações para a Política Social.
The main objective of this work is to understand the experience of involuntary unemployment of the former employees of the Viana do Castelo's Naval Shipyard (VCNS). The study assumed that unemployment represents a complex event - as is the individual experience and the strategies to deal with that. Using a mixed methodology, we conducted 115 questionnaires and 10 semi-structured interviews with VCNS former workers. The results show a diversity of individual and professional trajectories that seem to have implications in the current situation of the former employees. Some of them experienced a smooth transition after company closure, while for others the loss of employment had more severe effects. With the worst indicators of subjective well-being, this last group had mostly long-term and very long-term unemployment situations. Age appears to be associated with the most adverse effects respecting the likelihood of reentry into the labor market and the group of unemployed globally refers to the group of older workers (55 or more years). Based on the life course perspective and considering the connections between lives, times and places, this evidence suggests that the situation of older workers is of particular concern and will certainly have important implications for Social Policy.
The main objective of this work is to understand the experience of involuntary unemployment of the former employees of the Viana do Castelo's Naval Shipyard (VCNS). The study assumed that unemployment represents a complex event - as is the individual experience and the strategies to deal with that. Using a mixed methodology, we conducted 115 questionnaires and 10 semi-structured interviews with VCNS former workers. The results show a diversity of individual and professional trajectories that seem to have implications in the current situation of the former employees. Some of them experienced a smooth transition after company closure, while for others the loss of employment had more severe effects. With the worst indicators of subjective well-being, this last group had mostly long-term and very long-term unemployment situations. Age appears to be associated with the most adverse effects respecting the likelihood of reentry into the labor market and the group of unemployed globally refers to the group of older workers (55 or more years). Based on the life course perspective and considering the connections between lives, times and places, this evidence suggests that the situation of older workers is of particular concern and will certainly have important implications for Social Policy.
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Tese de Doutoramento em Política Social
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Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas