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As agências reguladoras : o caso do transporte aéreo no Brasil
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Resumo(s)
O estudo em questão tem como objetivo principal fazer uma análise, sob o ponto de vista da economia de mercado, das medidas adotadas pela Agência Nacional de Aviação Civil (ANAC), esta que exerce o papel como agência reguladora técnica e econômica responsável pelo setor de transporte aéreo no Brasil. Foi realizado um estudo teórico para justificar a adoção de uma agência reguladora independente no âmbito econômico, com o propósito de equilibrar a intervenção do Estado com medidas econômicas que incentivem a concorrência. Em seguida, foi desenvolvido um estudo histórico sobre a aviação aérea civil brasileira. Foram analisados, de maneira abrangente, os principais problemas do mercado atualmente, incluindo: a tendência das companhias brasileiras em adquirir slots, como forma de ativo em aquisições de empresas da própria concorrência; a falta de infraestrutura dos aeroportos e a grave questão da alocação de slots dos aeroportos coordenados. Por fim, também foram analisadas medidas alternativas que a agência vem buscando instalar, para minimizar as barreiras encontradas por novas entrantes, quando estas expressam interesse em investir no setor. Dentro de todo o contexto estudado, foi possível verificar, de forma crítica, os efeitos positivos (e, em algumas situações, negativos) das medidas adotadas pela agência e a sua efetividade (ou não) em garantir a manutenção do mercado e fomentar a competitividade do setor, que sempre foi dominado por uma quantidade limitada de empresas aéreas.
The main objective of this study is to analyze the measures adopted by the National Civil Aviation Agency (ANAC) from the point of view of the market economy. ANAC exercises the role as the technical and economic regulatory agency responsible for the air transport sector in Brazil. A theoretical study was carried out to justify the adoption of an independent regulatory agency in the economic sphere, with the purpose of balancing the state with more liberal economic measures. Thereafter, a historical study about Brazilian civil aviation was developed. The main problems of the market today have been analyzed comprehensively; including the tendency of Brazilian companies to acquire slots as an asset, in acquisitions of companies of competition itself; the lack of airport infrastructure and serious issue of slot allocation at coordinated airports. Finally, it was also analyzed alternative measures that the agency has been seeking to install to minimize the barriers encountered by new entrants when they express interest in investing in the sector. Within all the studied context, it was possible to critically verify the positive (and in some cases, negative) effects of the measures adopted by the agency, its effectiveness in guaranteeing the maintenance of the market and in fostering the competitiveness of the sector, which has always been dominated by a limited number of companies.
The main objective of this study is to analyze the measures adopted by the National Civil Aviation Agency (ANAC) from the point of view of the market economy. ANAC exercises the role as the technical and economic regulatory agency responsible for the air transport sector in Brazil. A theoretical study was carried out to justify the adoption of an independent regulatory agency in the economic sphere, with the purpose of balancing the state with more liberal economic measures. Thereafter, a historical study about Brazilian civil aviation was developed. The main problems of the market today have been analyzed comprehensively; including the tendency of Brazilian companies to acquire slots as an asset, in acquisitions of companies of competition itself; the lack of airport infrastructure and serious issue of slot allocation at coordinated airports. Finally, it was also analyzed alternative measures that the agency has been seeking to install to minimize the barriers encountered by new entrants when they express interest in investing in the sector. Within all the studied context, it was possible to critically verify the positive (and in some cases, negative) effects of the measures adopted by the agency, its effectiveness in guaranteeing the maintenance of the market and in fostering the competitiveness of the sector, which has always been dominated by a limited number of companies.
Descrição
Mestrado em Economia Internacional e Estudos Europeus
Palavras-chave
Agência Reguladora ANAC Grandfather Rights Aviação Cívil Brasileira Competitividade Política de bagagem aérea no Brasil Aeroportos Coordenados Alocação de Slots Regulatory Agency Brazilian Civil Aviation Competitiveness Baggage policy in Brazil Allocation of Slots
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Murta, Ana Elizabeth Cavalcanti (2018). "As agências reguladoras : o caso do transporte aéreo no Brasil". Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão.
Editora
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão