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A motivação dos trabalhadores em situação precária: estudo comparativo
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Ao longo das últimas décadas, o mercado laboral sofreu alterações significativas no seu funcionamento. Em particular, as condições e garantias dadas aos trabalhadores reduziram-se drasticamente. Esta situação resultou na promoção e consequente aparecimento em grande escala de trabalhos considerados precários. Isto decorreu de determinados fatores como a queda do Estado Social e a implementação e propagação do neoliberalismo. A presente investigação estudou o fenómeno crescente do trabalho precário e a sua relação com a motivação laboral. Este é um assunto de extrema importância para a área da Sociologia das Organizações e do Trabalho e o estudo pode oferecer pistas úteis aos superiores/ gestores para aumentarem os níveis motivacionais. Esta dissertação recorreu a uma metodologia quantitativa com recurso à técnica de inquérito por questionário para comparar os resultados de empresas com empregos considerados precários de três sectores de atividade (comércio, restauração e telecomunicação). Obteve-se uma amostra de 84 trabalhadores precários, e da análise das medidas aplicadas, concluiu-se que os níveis motivacionais dos trabalhadores variam consoante os sectores de atividade em que estes se situam. A empresa B (sector da restauração) foi a única que apresentou resultados indicadores de motivação dos trabalhadores, enquanto nas restantes a desmotivação foi o padrão dominante. Não obstante existe uma perceção assistemática generalizada de que todos os trabalhadores precários se encontram desmotivados ou muito desmotivados, o nosso estudo mostra que a questão é mais complexa e que os perfis motivacionais são consideravelmente díspares
Over the last few decades, the work market has experienced significant changes in its functioning. Above all, the conditions and guarantees given to employees have been drastically reduced. This situation resulted in the development and large-scale appearance of precarious jobs. This was the result of certain factors such as the fall of the Social State and the implementation and propagation of neoliberalism. This investigation studied the growing phenomenon of precarious work and its relation with work motivation. This is an extremely important issue for Sociology of Organizations and Work, and the study may offer useful clues to managers to increase motivation levels. This dissertation used a quantitative methodology using the survey technique to compare the results of companies with jobs considered precarious in three activity sectors (commerce, catering and telecommunications). A sample of 84 precarious workers was obtained, and from the analysis of the measures applied, it was concluded that the motivational levels of the workers vary according to the activity sectors they are in. Company B (catering sector) was the only presented results indicating some motivation from the worker force, while in the others, unmotivated was the dominant pattern. Although there is a widespread unsystematic perception that all precarious workers are unmotivated or very unmotivated, our study shows that the issue is more complex and that motivation profiles are considerably different.
Over the last few decades, the work market has experienced significant changes in its functioning. Above all, the conditions and guarantees given to employees have been drastically reduced. This situation resulted in the development and large-scale appearance of precarious jobs. This was the result of certain factors such as the fall of the Social State and the implementation and propagation of neoliberalism. This investigation studied the growing phenomenon of precarious work and its relation with work motivation. This is an extremely important issue for Sociology of Organizations and Work, and the study may offer useful clues to managers to increase motivation levels. This dissertation used a quantitative methodology using the survey technique to compare the results of companies with jobs considered precarious in three activity sectors (commerce, catering and telecommunications). A sample of 84 precarious workers was obtained, and from the analysis of the measures applied, it was concluded that the motivational levels of the workers vary according to the activity sectors they are in. Company B (catering sector) was the only presented results indicating some motivation from the worker force, while in the others, unmotivated was the dominant pattern. Although there is a widespread unsystematic perception that all precarious workers are unmotivated or very unmotivated, our study shows that the issue is more complex and that motivation profiles are considerably different.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Sociologia das Organizações e do Trabalho
Palavras-chave
Motivação laboral Trabalho precário Organizações Perfil motivacional Work motivation Precarious work Organizations Motivational profile
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas