A carregar...
Publicação
Bipolar disorder and circadian rhythm disturbances
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 478.15 KB | Adobe PDF |
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Introdução: A Perturbação Afetiva Bipolar (PAB) é uma doença mental crónica caracterizada por episódios de disfunção do humor (mania e depressão). Os episódios maníacos são caracterizados por elevação do humor, expansividade, impulsividade, hiperatividade, aumento da energia e ausência da necessidade de dormir. Episódios depressivos são caracterizados por humor depressivo, anedonia falta de energia, sentimentos de desesperança e pensamentos recorrentes de morte ou suicídio. Alterações do sono são muito comuns em todos os tipos de episódios de disfunção do humor. O ritmo circadiano é responsável pela regulação de vários processos, como a secreção hormonal, a temperatura corporal, o humor, o ciclo sono-vigília. Vários dos sintomas presentes nos episódios maníacos ou depressivos têm alguma variação circadiana.
Objetivo: Rever os artigos selecionados de forma a perceber melhor o impacto de distúrbios do sono e do ritmo circadiano na recorrência de episódios de humor em pacientes com PAB.
Método: Revisão de literatura médica usando a base de dados PubMed. Foram aceites artigos de janeiro de 2009 a dezembro de 2023, em inglês, utilizando as palavras-chave: bipolar disorder; mania; hypomania e depression em referência cruzada com os termos circadian rhythm e circadian rhythm disorders.
Resultado: Foram inicialmente selecionados 75 artigos. Desses, 35 foram excluídos por não apresentarem resultados estatísticos relevantes. 38 artigos foram incluídos. A variação de metodologias entre os estudos e o tamanho das amostras torna difícil extrair conclusões, apesar de ter sido demonstrada uma ligação entre episódios de disfunção do humor e distúrbios do ritmo circadiano.
Conclusão: Distúrbios do ritmo circadiano são comuns entre indivíduos com PAB. Estes também estão relacionados com alguns sintomas presentes durante a mania, depressão e eutimia. Um ritmo circadiano estável está associado a menos episódios de disfunção do humor. Contudo, a fisiopatologia por detrás de distúrbios do ritmo circadiano e PAB ainda é desconhecida.
Background: Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a chronic mental illness characterized by mood episodes (mania and depression). Manic episodes are characterized by elated mood, expansiveness, impulsivity, hyperactivity, increasing energy and absence of the need to sleep. Depressive episodes are characterized by depressed mood, anhedonia, lack of energy, feelings of hopelessness and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide. Sleep disturbances are very common in every type of mood episode. The circadian rhythm is responsible for regulating several processes, such as hormonal secretion, body temperature, mood and the sleep-wake cycle. Several of the symptoms present in manic or depressive episodes show some circadian variation. Objective: Review the selected articles to better understand the impact of sleep and circadian rhythm disorders in the recurrence of mood episodes in patients with BD. Method: Revision of medical literature using the database PubMed, from January 2009 to December 2023, by identifying papers in English using the keywords “bipolar disorder”, “mania”, “hypomania” and “depression” in cross reference to the terms “circadian rhythm” and “circadian rhythm disorders”. Results: Initially, 75 papers were selected. 35 were excluded for not having statistically significant results. 38 papers were included. Studies’ variability of methodologies and sample size makes it difficult to draw conclusions, even though a connection between mood episodes and circadian rhythm disturbances in BD has been shown. Conclusions: Circadian rhythm disturbances are common among people with BD. These are also connected with some symptoms present during mania, depression and euthymia. A stable circadian rhythm has been associated with less mood episode. However, the physiopathology behind circadian rhythm disturbances and BD is still unknown.
Background: Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a chronic mental illness characterized by mood episodes (mania and depression). Manic episodes are characterized by elated mood, expansiveness, impulsivity, hyperactivity, increasing energy and absence of the need to sleep. Depressive episodes are characterized by depressed mood, anhedonia, lack of energy, feelings of hopelessness and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide. Sleep disturbances are very common in every type of mood episode. The circadian rhythm is responsible for regulating several processes, such as hormonal secretion, body temperature, mood and the sleep-wake cycle. Several of the symptoms present in manic or depressive episodes show some circadian variation. Objective: Review the selected articles to better understand the impact of sleep and circadian rhythm disorders in the recurrence of mood episodes in patients with BD. Method: Revision of medical literature using the database PubMed, from January 2009 to December 2023, by identifying papers in English using the keywords “bipolar disorder”, “mania”, “hypomania” and “depression” in cross reference to the terms “circadian rhythm” and “circadian rhythm disorders”. Results: Initially, 75 papers were selected. 35 were excluded for not having statistically significant results. 38 papers were included. Studies’ variability of methodologies and sample size makes it difficult to draw conclusions, even though a connection between mood episodes and circadian rhythm disturbances in BD has been shown. Conclusions: Circadian rhythm disturbances are common among people with BD. These are also connected with some symptoms present during mania, depression and euthymia. A stable circadian rhythm has been associated with less mood episode. However, the physiopathology behind circadian rhythm disturbances and BD is still unknown.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2024
Palavras-chave
Perturbação afetiva bipolar Mania Hipomania Depressão Ritmo circadiano Distúrbios do ritmo circadiano Psiquiatra Psicologia médica