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Autorregulação do comportamento alimentar na idade escolar
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As capacidades de autorregulação alimentar são essenciais para a prevenção da obesidade. A idade escolar é um período crítico, pela maior autonomia, contudo, sabe-se menos sobre a regulação da ingestão alimentar nesta fase. Não foram identificadas medidas de relato dos pais ou de autorrelato da criança adaptadas para a população portuguesa. Este trabalho pretendeu: estudar dois instrumentos que avaliam a autorregulação alimentar, através do relato dos pais e das crianças; caracterizar a autorregulação alimentar das crianças em idade escolar, considerando dimensões das crianças e dos pais; e identificar os preditores da autorregulação alimentar. A amostra incluiu pais e crianças entre os seis e os 10 anos. Para avaliar a autorregulação alimentar foram utilizados dois instrumentos adaptados: Questionário de Autorregulação Alimentar em Crianças e Tarefa Individual de Avaliação da Autorregulação Alimentar com a Criança. Foram também avaliados o estatuto nutricional das crianças e dos pais, comportamento alimentar e temperamento da criança, e práticas parentais relacionadas com a alimentação. A amostra total incluiu 188 respostas ao questionário, 117 à tarefa, e 73 respostas emparelhadas pais-crianças. Os pais percecionam boas capacidades de autorregulação alimentar nos filhos, e o mesmo se verifica com o relato das crianças, embora com valores médios mais baixos. Os pais percecionam poucos comportamentos alimentares desregulados nos filhos, com o prazer em comer mais referido. Os dois instrumentos estudados mostraram valores adequados de consistência interna. O questionário apresentou indicadores positivos de validade convergente, através da associação com as subescalas de comportamento alimentar, e de validade de critério, através da associação com as subescalas do temperamento. O mesmo não foi verificado para a tarefa com a criança. Os preditores da autorregulação alimentar na idade escolar foram a resposta à comida, o prazer em comer e o controlo inibitório. Os resultados obtidos reforçam a necessidade de se continuar a estudar a
autorregulação alimentar nesta faixa etária, bem como o estudo de outras dimensões das crianças e do ambiente que possam influenciar esta dimensão.
Eating self-regulation skills are essential for obesity prevention. School age is a critical period because of greater autonomy, but less is known about eating self-regulation at this stage. No parent-report or child self-report measures adapted for the Portuguese population were identified. We aimed to: study two instruments that assess eating self-regulation, through parents' and children's reports; characterize school-age children's self-regulation in eating, considering children's and parents' dimensions; and identify predictors of eating self-regulation. The sample included parents and children between six and 10 years old. Two adapted instruments were used to assess eating self-regulation: Child Self-Regulation in Eating Questionnaire and the Individual Assessment Task of Self-Regulation in Eating with the Child. Children's and parents' nutritional status, child's eating behavior and temperament, and parenting practices related to eating were also assessed. The total sample included 188 responses to the questionnaire, 117 to the task, and 73 paired parent-child responses. Parents perceive good self-regulation in eating skills in their children, and the same is true for the children's report, although with lower mean values. Parents perceived few disinhibited eating behaviors in their children, with enjoyment of food mentioned the most. The two instruments studied showed adequate values of internal consistency. The questionnaire showed positive convergent validity indicators, through the association with the eating behavior subscales, and criterion validity, through the association with the temperament subscales. The same was not verified for the task with the child. The predictors of self-regulated eating at school age were responsiveness to food, enjoyment of food, and inhibitory control. The results obtained reinforce the need to continue studying eating self-regulation in this age group, as well as the study of other dimensions of children and the environment that may influence this dimension.
Eating self-regulation skills are essential for obesity prevention. School age is a critical period because of greater autonomy, but less is known about eating self-regulation at this stage. No parent-report or child self-report measures adapted for the Portuguese population were identified. We aimed to: study two instruments that assess eating self-regulation, through parents' and children's reports; characterize school-age children's self-regulation in eating, considering children's and parents' dimensions; and identify predictors of eating self-regulation. The sample included parents and children between six and 10 years old. Two adapted instruments were used to assess eating self-regulation: Child Self-Regulation in Eating Questionnaire and the Individual Assessment Task of Self-Regulation in Eating with the Child. Children's and parents' nutritional status, child's eating behavior and temperament, and parenting practices related to eating were also assessed. The total sample included 188 responses to the questionnaire, 117 to the task, and 73 paired parent-child responses. Parents perceive good self-regulation in eating skills in their children, and the same is true for the children's report, although with lower mean values. Parents perceived few disinhibited eating behaviors in their children, with enjoyment of food mentioned the most. The two instruments studied showed adequate values of internal consistency. The questionnaire showed positive convergent validity indicators, through the association with the eating behavior subscales, and criterion validity, through the association with the temperament subscales. The same was not verified for the task with the child. The predictors of self-regulated eating at school age were responsiveness to food, enjoyment of food, and inhibitory control. The results obtained reinforce the need to continue studying eating self-regulation in this age group, as well as the study of other dimensions of children and the environment that may influence this dimension.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado, Psicopatologia do Desenvolvimento da Criança e do Adolescente – Prevenção e Intervenção, 2023, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia
Palavras-chave
Autorregulação Comportamento alimentar Idade escolar Práticas parentais Crianças Impulsividade Dissertações de mestrado - 2023