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O estatuto da vítima : análise do direito às declarações para memória futura
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A presente dissertação pretende analisar o direito às declarações para memória futura no âmbito do Estatuto da Vítima. Ao fazê-lo considerámos fundamental analisar a vítima de crimes com especial detalhe, no âmbito penal e processual penal, aprofundando o nosso conhecimento sobre os processos de vitimização secundária e repetida e processo mnemónico traumático, de modo a compreendermos com maior detalhe a ratio e respetivos critérios de aplicabilidade deste mecanismo de proteção, sobretudo às vítimas consideradas como especialmente vulneráveis. O primeiro capítulo será dedicado ao estudo da figura da vítima, desde a sua génese até ao seu redescobrimento, focando no reconhecimento processual que lhe tem sido dedicado nos últimos anos, tanto no plano internacional como no plano nacional, culminando num tópico dedicado às necessidades das mesmas, o qual nos conduziu a uma reflexão sobre o modelo de Justiça restaurativa.
Por sua vez, numa segunda fase nortearemos a nossa investigação para o direito interno que se centrará numa visão crítica do Estatuto da Vítima, de crimes, e em especial no Estatuto da Vítima Especialmente Vulnerável, que integra o primeiro. Por fim, com toda a informação recolhida e ao tratarmos as declarações para memória futura per se e em especial os seus fundamentos e limitações, pretendemos concluir por uma consagração expressa do direito às declarações para memória futura, por consideração às vítimas de crimes, especialmente àquelas que após avaliação individual de risco à vitimização secundária, repetida, à intimidação e à retaliação, realizada e forma casuística, recorrendo a técnico especialmente habilitado para tal e respeitando as recomendações da Diretiva 2012/29/EU do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho, de 25 de outubro, forem identificadas como especialmente vulneráveis, como pertence estar estatuído no Estatuto da Vítima, assim como atendendo à documentada fragilidade da memória traumática, no sentido da vitimização e da preservação da importantíssima prova em processo penal.
This dissertation aims to analyze the right to statements for future reference within the framework of the Victim’s Statute. In doing so, we deemed it essential to examine the victim of crimes in particular detail, within both criminal and procedural law contexts. We will deepen our understanding of secondary and repeated victimization processes, as well as traumatic mnemonic processes, in order to gain a clearer insight into the rationale and applicable criteria for this protective mechanism, especially for victims classified as especially vulnerable. The first chapter will be dedicated to studying of the figure of the victim, from their genesis to its rediscovery, focusing on the procedural recognition afforded to them in recent years, both internationally and nationally. This will culminate in as section addressing their needs, leading us to reflect on the model of restorative justice. In the second phase. We will direct our investigation towards domestic law, focusing critically on the Victim’s Statute concerning crimes, particularly the Statute for Especially Vulnerable Victims, which is part of the former. Finally, based on the information gathered, and while addressing statements for future reference per se, especially their foundations and limitations, we aim to advocate for an explicit recognition of the right to such statement, in consideration of crime victims, particularly those identified as especially vulnerable after an individual risk assessment for secondary and repeated victimization, intimidation, and retaliation. This assessment will be conducted on a case-by-case basis, involving a specially qualified professional and adhering to the recommendations of Directive 2012/29/UE of the European Parliament and Council, dated October 25. These victims must be guaranteed protection under the Victim’s Statute, as stipulated therein, while also considering the documental fragility of traumatic memory in terms of victimization and the preservation of crucial evidence in criminal proceedings.
This dissertation aims to analyze the right to statements for future reference within the framework of the Victim’s Statute. In doing so, we deemed it essential to examine the victim of crimes in particular detail, within both criminal and procedural law contexts. We will deepen our understanding of secondary and repeated victimization processes, as well as traumatic mnemonic processes, in order to gain a clearer insight into the rationale and applicable criteria for this protective mechanism, especially for victims classified as especially vulnerable. The first chapter will be dedicated to studying of the figure of the victim, from their genesis to its rediscovery, focusing on the procedural recognition afforded to them in recent years, both internationally and nationally. This will culminate in as section addressing their needs, leading us to reflect on the model of restorative justice. In the second phase. We will direct our investigation towards domestic law, focusing critically on the Victim’s Statute concerning crimes, particularly the Statute for Especially Vulnerable Victims, which is part of the former. Finally, based on the information gathered, and while addressing statements for future reference per se, especially their foundations and limitations, we aim to advocate for an explicit recognition of the right to such statement, in consideration of crime victims, particularly those identified as especially vulnerable after an individual risk assessment for secondary and repeated victimization, intimidation, and retaliation. This assessment will be conducted on a case-by-case basis, involving a specially qualified professional and adhering to the recommendations of Directive 2012/29/UE of the European Parliament and Council, dated October 25. These victims must be guaranteed protection under the Victim’s Statute, as stipulated therein, while also considering the documental fragility of traumatic memory in terms of victimization and the preservation of crucial evidence in criminal proceedings.
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Processo penal Vítima Estatuto Proteção à vitima Prova Vitimização secundária Teses de mestrado - 2025 Criminal proceedings Victim Status Victim protection Evidence Secondary victimization