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Identificação e análise de variáveis com influência no intervalo livre de doença pós-cirúrgico de neoplasias malignas orais no cão : um estudo retrospetivo
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Resumo(s)
A cavidade oral é a quarta localização anatómica mais comum no cão para o desenvolvimento de cancro. As neoplasias malignas não odontogénicas caninas mais comuns são, por ordem decrescente de prevalência, o melanoma maligno, o carcinoma espinocelular, o fibrossarcoma e o osteossarcoma. A maioria são tumores com comportamento invasivo, podendo ocorrer metastização, sendo a excisão cirúrgica com amplas margens a abordagem terapêutica mais rápida, económica e eficaz. Massas com maior dimensão e com localização caudal apresentam pior prognóstico. Apesar das melhorias nas técnicas de diagnóstico e na abordagem terapêutica que se tem visto ao longo das últimas décadas, continua a haver uma grande taxa de recidiva e mortalidade nestas neoplasias devido à dificuldade de deteção destas e em conseguir uma excisão cirúrgica completa.
Neste estudo retrospetivo o objetivo foi estudar que variáveis clínicas e histopatológicas influenciam o prognóstico de 43 cães com neoplasias orais malignas submetidas a cirurgia associada ou não a quimioterapia. Não houve predisposição de género, a idade mediana foram 10 anos, a localização mais frequente foi a maxilar caudal, o tipo histológico mais prevalente foi o carcinoma espinocelular, a taxa de recidiva local foi de 32,5%, 17 casos tinham margens contaminadas e a taxa de mortalidade foi de 48,8% ao fim de 3 anos de acompanhamento. Foi identificada associação do intervalo livre de doença com o tipo histológico, o estado das margens histológicas, o tamanho e a localização tumorais.
ABSTRACT - Identification and analysis of variables with influence on the post-surgical disease-free interval in malignant oral neoplasia in the dog – a retrospective study - The oral cavity is the fourth most common anatomical location in the dog for the development of cancer. The most common non odontogenic oral malignant neoplasms are, by decreasing prevalence, the malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, fibrosarcoma and osteosarcoma. Most are tumours with invasive behaviour, metastasis may occur, and surgical excision with wide margins is the fastest, most economical and effective therapeutic approach. Larger masses with caudal location have worst prognosis. Despite the improvements in diagnostic techniques and therapeutic approaches that have been seen over the last decades, there is still a high rate of recurrence and mortality in these cancers due to the difficulty in detecting them and achieving complete surgical excision. In this retrospective study the objective was to study which clinical and histopathological variables influence the prognosis of 43 dogs with malignant oral neoplasms submitted to surgery associated or not with chemotherapy. There was no gender predisposition, the median age was 10 years, the most frequent location was in the maxilla and caudal, the most prevalent histological type was squamous cell carcinoma, the local recurrence rate was 32.5%, 17 cases had contaminated margins and the mortality rate was 48.8%. An association was identified between disease- free interval and histological type, completeness of histological margins, tumour size and location.
ABSTRACT - Identification and analysis of variables with influence on the post-surgical disease-free interval in malignant oral neoplasia in the dog – a retrospective study - The oral cavity is the fourth most common anatomical location in the dog for the development of cancer. The most common non odontogenic oral malignant neoplasms are, by decreasing prevalence, the malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, fibrosarcoma and osteosarcoma. Most are tumours with invasive behaviour, metastasis may occur, and surgical excision with wide margins is the fastest, most economical and effective therapeutic approach. Larger masses with caudal location have worst prognosis. Despite the improvements in diagnostic techniques and therapeutic approaches that have been seen over the last decades, there is still a high rate of recurrence and mortality in these cancers due to the difficulty in detecting them and achieving complete surgical excision. In this retrospective study the objective was to study which clinical and histopathological variables influence the prognosis of 43 dogs with malignant oral neoplasms submitted to surgery associated or not with chemotherapy. There was no gender predisposition, the median age was 10 years, the most frequent location was in the maxilla and caudal, the most prevalent histological type was squamous cell carcinoma, the local recurrence rate was 32.5%, 17 cases had contaminated margins and the mortality rate was 48.8%. An association was identified between disease- free interval and histological type, completeness of histological margins, tumour size and location.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Cão neoplasia oral margens cirúrgicas recidiva local intervalo livre de doença fatores de prognóstico Dog oral neoplasia surgical margins local recurrence disease-free interval prognostic factors
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Pedreira GGFM 2019. Identificação e análise de variáveis com influência no intervalo livre de doença pós-cirúrgico de neoplasias malignas orais no cão : um estudo retrospetivo [dissertação de mestrado]. Lisboa: FMV-Universidade de Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária