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Avaliação da osmolaridade da lágrima em cães atópicos com conjuntivite alérgica
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Abstract(s)
A osmolaridade do filme lacrimal é um parâmetro útil para avaliar a qualidade da lágrima.
Esta representa a concentração de catiões (sódio, potássio, cálcio, magnésio, ferro e cobre) e
de aniões (cloretos, carbonatos e fosfatos) dissolvidos na porção aquosa da lágrima. O
objectivo deste estudo é avaliar a osmolaridade do filme lacrimal em cães atópicos com
conjuntivite alérgica (CA). A CA é muito prevalente nos cães que têm dermatite atópica
(DA). No entanto esta afeção é um diagnóstico de exclusão, pois não existe um teste simples e
eficaz para a diagnosticar. Foi incluído no estudo um grupo controlo (n=20) e um grupo de
cães atópicos com sinais de CA (n=20). Todos os animais foram sujeitos a exame
dermatológico, bem como a exame oftálmico para avaliação dos sinais clínicos de CA
(quemose, prurido, epífora, hiperémia conjuntival, corrimento ocular e presença de doença da
córnea) e sua classificação numa escala de 0-3. Adicionalmente o grupo dos atópicos foi
classificado segundo a escala CADESI-03. Avaliou-se a osmolaridade do filme lacrimal com
o sistema TearLab osmolarity® (TearLab Corp., San Diego, E.U.A.).
O estudo estatístico foi realizado com GraphPad Instat® recorrendo aos testes de Mann-
Whitney e regressão linear.
Após avaliação dos dados, a osmolaridade do filme lacrimal apresentou um valor médio de
320,8±9,6 mOsm/L no grupo controlo e 340,3±21,6 mOsm/L no grupo de animais atópicos.
Os valores de osmolaridade dos dois grupos apresentaram diferenças estatísticas
extremamente significativas (P<0,1%; teste Mann-Whitney). Não se encontraram diferenças
significativas entre a osmolaridade da lágrima do olho direito e do olho esquerdo no grupo
controlo (P=0,5244; teste Mann-Whitney) nem no grupo atópico (P=0,123; teste Mann-
Whitney). Nos pacientes atópicos o valor de CADESI-03 médio foi de 180,1±66,50 valores e
o score de CA foi 8,2±2,36 valores. A osmolaridade dos cães atópicos e os seus CADESI-03
exibiram uma correlação estatística extremamente significativa (P<0,1%; teste de regressão
linear). Pelo contrário, não se encontrou uma correlação estatistica significativa entre a
osmolaridade dos cães atópicos e o score de CA (P=0,8385; teste de regressão linear).
Podemos concluir que a osmolaridade da lágrima se encontra alterada nos cães atópicos
afetados por CA. Esta informação é útil tanto para diagnóstico de CA como para avaliação da
resposta à terapêutica. Poderá também ter interesse quando consideramos o cão como
potencial modelo de CA no Homem.
ABSTRACT - TEAR FILM OSMOLARITY EVALUATION IN ATOPIC DOGS WITH ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS - Tear film osmolarity is a crucial parameter to evaluate tear’s quality. It represents cation (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and copper) and anion (chlorides, carbonates, and phosphates) concentration in the tear’s aqueous portion. The goal of this study is to evaluate the osmolarity of the tear film in atopic dogs with allergic conjunctivitis. The majority of dogs, which suffer from atopic dermatitis, also exhibit symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis. Nevertheless, it is an exclusion diagnosis. No simple and effective diagnostic test is available in replacement. In this study both control group (n=20) and a group of atopic dogs with symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis (n=20) were evaluated. All animals were subject to a dermatological, as well as an ophthalmological examination, with the objective of evaluating clinical signs of allergic conjunctivitis, (chemosis, pruritus, swelling, conjuctival hyperemia, ocular discharge, and the presence of corneal disease) and rate then on a scale of 0-3. Additionally, the atopic group was assessed according to the CADESI-03 scale. The tear film osmolarity was evaluated using the TearLab Osmolarity System®. The statistical study was conducted using GrahPad Instat®, as well as the Mann-Whitney and linear regression tests. After the data evaluation, we found that the tear film osmolarity showed a mean value of 320,8±9,6 mOsm/L in the control group, and a mean value of 340,3±21,6 mOsm/L in the atopic group. The osmolarity values of both groups showed a statistically significant difference (P<0,1%; Mann-Whitney test). However, the study did not find a statistically significant difference between the osmolarity of the right and left eye in the control group (P=0,5244; Mann-Whitney test) or the atopic group (P=0,123; Mann-Whitney test). In the atopic subjects, the mean CADESI-03 value was 180,1±66,50, and the allergic conjunctivitis score was 8,2±2,36. The tear film osmolarity of atopic dogs and their CADESI-03 values, exhibit a statistically significant correlation (P<0,1%; linear regression test). On the other hand, the study did not find a statistically significant correlation between the osmolarity of the atopic dogs and the score of allergic conjunctivitis (P=0,8385; linear regression test). We can then conclude that the tear film osmolarity is altered in atopic dogs suffering from allergic conjunctivitis. This information can be used in the diagnostic of allergic conjunctivitis as well as in the evaluation of treatment effectiveness. Dogs can also be considered as potential model for humans with similar conditions.
ABSTRACT - TEAR FILM OSMOLARITY EVALUATION IN ATOPIC DOGS WITH ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS - Tear film osmolarity is a crucial parameter to evaluate tear’s quality. It represents cation (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and copper) and anion (chlorides, carbonates, and phosphates) concentration in the tear’s aqueous portion. The goal of this study is to evaluate the osmolarity of the tear film in atopic dogs with allergic conjunctivitis. The majority of dogs, which suffer from atopic dermatitis, also exhibit symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis. Nevertheless, it is an exclusion diagnosis. No simple and effective diagnostic test is available in replacement. In this study both control group (n=20) and a group of atopic dogs with symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis (n=20) were evaluated. All animals were subject to a dermatological, as well as an ophthalmological examination, with the objective of evaluating clinical signs of allergic conjunctivitis, (chemosis, pruritus, swelling, conjuctival hyperemia, ocular discharge, and the presence of corneal disease) and rate then on a scale of 0-3. Additionally, the atopic group was assessed according to the CADESI-03 scale. The tear film osmolarity was evaluated using the TearLab Osmolarity System®. The statistical study was conducted using GrahPad Instat®, as well as the Mann-Whitney and linear regression tests. After the data evaluation, we found that the tear film osmolarity showed a mean value of 320,8±9,6 mOsm/L in the control group, and a mean value of 340,3±21,6 mOsm/L in the atopic group. The osmolarity values of both groups showed a statistically significant difference (P<0,1%; Mann-Whitney test). However, the study did not find a statistically significant difference between the osmolarity of the right and left eye in the control group (P=0,5244; Mann-Whitney test) or the atopic group (P=0,123; Mann-Whitney test). In the atopic subjects, the mean CADESI-03 value was 180,1±66,50, and the allergic conjunctivitis score was 8,2±2,36. The tear film osmolarity of atopic dogs and their CADESI-03 values, exhibit a statistically significant correlation (P<0,1%; linear regression test). On the other hand, the study did not find a statistically significant correlation between the osmolarity of the atopic dogs and the score of allergic conjunctivitis (P=0,8385; linear regression test). We can then conclude that the tear film osmolarity is altered in atopic dogs suffering from allergic conjunctivitis. This information can be used in the diagnostic of allergic conjunctivitis as well as in the evaluation of treatment effectiveness. Dogs can also be considered as potential model for humans with similar conditions.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Keywords
Conjuntivite alérgica Osmolaridade Tearlab osmolarity ® Allergic conjunctivitis Osmolarity
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Lourenço, M.G.M.P.C. (2013). Avaliação da osmolaridade da lágrima em cães atópicos com conjuntivite alérgica. Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Lisboa.
Publisher
Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária