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A Neurodiversidade no turismo: a adaptação de museus de ciência às necessidades das crianças autistas
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
No turismo, um mundo mais inclusivo não torna apenas a indústria mais acessível a todos, mas
também enriquece as experiências de viagem ao permitir o encontro de pessoas de diferentes origens e
perspetivas. Pelo facto de existir uma lacuna no segmento turístico em termos da inclusão da
neurodiversidade, o presente trabalho foca-se especificamente na adaptação dos museus de ciência às
necessidades das crianças diagnosticadas com a Perturbação do Espectro do Autismo (PEA).
Os temas de inclusão e acessibilidade têm vindo cada vez mais a ser tópicos de debate no
turismo. Com isto em mente, o objetivo desta dissertação é compreender os constrangimentos e
necessidades durante visitas a museus de ciência por parte de famílias com crianças autistas, através de
entrevistas a pais de crianças com PEA, instituições de apoio à pessoa com PEA e representantes de
museus, de modo a formular recomendações para o turismo inclusivo e acessível de modo a adaptar os
museus de ciência às necessidades específicas da neurodiversidade.
Para isso, a metodologia adotada consistiu numa abordagem mista que se materializou na
realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas a dois grupos de interesse distintos no distrito de Lisboa,
nomeadamente gestores de museus de ciência e representantes de instituições de apoio a famílias com
crianças com PEA, e um inquérito por questionário direcionado a famílias com filhos com PEA.
Os resultados do estudo mostram que a inclusão de crianças neurodivergentes nos museus de
ciência portuguesa ainda não são plenos, sendo necessária maior cooperação entre os agentes
envolvidos na promoção de experiências de visitação de sucesso para as crianças com PEA. A partir da
informação recolhida através das entrevistas e inquéritos, este estudo providencia recomendações para
a adaptação dos museus de ciência portugueses às necessidades das crianças neurodivergentes,
promovendo assim a neurodiversidade e a inclusão no turismo.
In tourism, a more inclusive world not only makes the industry more accessible to everyone, but also enriches travel experiences by allowing people from different backgrounds and perspectives to meet. Due to the fact that there is a gap in the tourism segment in terms of the inclusion of neurodiversity, this work focuses specifically on adapting science museums to the needs of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The topics of inclusion and accessibility have increasingly become topics of debate in tourism studies. With this in mind, the objective of this dissertation is to understand the constraints and needs felt during visits to science museums by families with children with ASD, through interviews and focus groups with parents of children with ASD, institutions supporting people with ASD, and representatives of museums, in order to formulate recommendations for inclusive and accessible tourism that helps adapting science museums to the specific needs of neurodiversity. For this purpose, the defined methodology consisted of a mixed approach that materialized in carrying out semi-structured interviews with two different interest groups in the Lisbon district, namely science museum managers and representatives of institutions supporting families with children with ASD, and a survey by questionnaire aimed at families with children with ASD. The results of the study show that the inclusion of neurodivergent children in Portuguese science museums is not yet achieve, requiring greater cooperation between agents involved in promoting successful visiting experiences for children with ASD. Based on information collected through interviews and surveys, this study provides recommendations for adapting Portuguese science museums to the needs of neurodivergent children, thus promoting neurodiversity and inclusion in tourism.
In tourism, a more inclusive world not only makes the industry more accessible to everyone, but also enriches travel experiences by allowing people from different backgrounds and perspectives to meet. Due to the fact that there is a gap in the tourism segment in terms of the inclusion of neurodiversity, this work focuses specifically on adapting science museums to the needs of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The topics of inclusion and accessibility have increasingly become topics of debate in tourism studies. With this in mind, the objective of this dissertation is to understand the constraints and needs felt during visits to science museums by families with children with ASD, through interviews and focus groups with parents of children with ASD, institutions supporting people with ASD, and representatives of museums, in order to formulate recommendations for inclusive and accessible tourism that helps adapting science museums to the specific needs of neurodiversity. For this purpose, the defined methodology consisted of a mixed approach that materialized in carrying out semi-structured interviews with two different interest groups in the Lisbon district, namely science museum managers and representatives of institutions supporting families with children with ASD, and a survey by questionnaire aimed at families with children with ASD. The results of the study show that the inclusion of neurodivergent children in Portuguese science museums is not yet achieve, requiring greater cooperation between agents involved in promoting successful visiting experiences for children with ASD. Based on information collected through interviews and surveys, this study provides recommendations for adapting Portuguese science museums to the needs of neurodivergent children, thus promoting neurodiversity and inclusion in tourism.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Neurodiversidade Perturbação do Espectro do Autismo Turismo Inclusivo Turismo Acessível Museu de Ciência