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Responsabilidade civil dos administradores no direito guineense : em especial no direito do trabalho
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Os administradores estão, obrigados a alcançar o sucesso da sociedade, em benefício dos seus sócios, mas tendo em conta as ponderações necessárias para esse objetivo – o que implica balancear visões de longo e de curto prazo, a necessidade de manter relações efetivas e contínuas com os trabalhadores e considerar o impacto das operações de negócios na comunidade e no meio ambiente. Assim, os interesses dos stakeholders em especial os trabalhadores, devem ser considerados pelos decisores considerando a importância que estes têm na sustentabilidade da sociedade. A responsabilidade pessoal dos administradores das sociedades perante terceiros (trabalhadores) depende, em princípio, da viabilidade de afirmar um fundamento de imputação pessoal do dano a tais sujeitos, ultrapassando o âmbito dos deveres próprios da pessoa coletiva, isto é, a chamada faute separada de função, pelos quais apenas esta responderá. O regime da responsabilidade direta dos gerentes ou administradores para com terceiros ou trabalhadores depende da verificação dos pressupostos da responsabilidade civil: o facto, a ilicitude, a culpa, o dano e o nexo de causalidade. Neste domínio, só se justifica uma responsabilidade própria dos administradores desde que haja uma violação própria e pelos danos que diretamente lhes causarem sem serem através da sociedade. Entre os casos em que há responsabilidade própria dos administradores, por haver uma violação própria, estão os casos de violação de direito de descanso, da reserva da intimidade da vida privada, assédio, não pagamento da retribuição e por fim, a responsabilidade por não celebração do contrato de seguro de acidente de trabalho. Assim, provando-se que qualquer dessas violações de direitos do trabalhador foi praticada pelo gerente ou administrador da sociedade empregadora e que, além dos demais requisitos da responsabilidade civil, provocou danos, poderá responsabilizar-se pessoalmente este último por via do regime do art. 330.º do AUDSC/AIE. Daí decorrendo a obrigação de cumprimento das normas laborais imperativas, enquanto interesse dos trabalhadores.
Administrators are required to achieve the success of the company for the benefit of its shareholders, but they must consider the necessary trade-offs to achieve this goal. This involves balancing short-term and long-term visions, maintaining effective and continuous relationships with employees, and considering the impact of business operations on the community and the environment. Therefore, the interests of stakeholders, especially employees, must be considered by decision-makers, considering their importance to the sustainability of the company. The personal responsibility of company administrators towards third parties (employees) depends, in principle, on the viability of establishing a basis for personal liability for the harm caused by such individuals, going beyond the scope of the duties of the legal entity itself—this is known as "fault separate from function," for which only the entity will be liable. The regime of direct liability of managers or administrators towards third parties or employees depends on the fulfilment of the civil liability requirements: the fact, the unlawfulness, fault, damage, and causal link. In this domain, the administrators’ personal responsibility is justified only when there is a direct violation of their duties and the damage they cause. Typical cases where administrators are personally liable towards employees for their own violations include violations of rest rights, the right to privacy, harassment, non-payment of wages, and liability for failure to take out accident insurance. Thus, if it is proven that any of these violations of employee rights were committed by the manager or administrator of the employer company, and in addition to meeting the other requirements of civil liability, it caused damage, the administrator may be personally held liable under the provisions of Article 330 of the AUDSC/AIE. This implies the obligation to comply with imperative labour laws, which are in the interest of the employees.
Administrators are required to achieve the success of the company for the benefit of its shareholders, but they must consider the necessary trade-offs to achieve this goal. This involves balancing short-term and long-term visions, maintaining effective and continuous relationships with employees, and considering the impact of business operations on the community and the environment. Therefore, the interests of stakeholders, especially employees, must be considered by decision-makers, considering their importance to the sustainability of the company. The personal responsibility of company administrators towards third parties (employees) depends, in principle, on the viability of establishing a basis for personal liability for the harm caused by such individuals, going beyond the scope of the duties of the legal entity itself—this is known as "fault separate from function," for which only the entity will be liable. The regime of direct liability of managers or administrators towards third parties or employees depends on the fulfilment of the civil liability requirements: the fact, the unlawfulness, fault, damage, and causal link. In this domain, the administrators’ personal responsibility is justified only when there is a direct violation of their duties and the damage they cause. Typical cases where administrators are personally liable towards employees for their own violations include violations of rest rights, the right to privacy, harassment, non-payment of wages, and liability for failure to take out accident insurance. Thus, if it is proven that any of these violations of employee rights were committed by the manager or administrator of the employer company, and in addition to meeting the other requirements of civil liability, it caused damage, the administrator may be personally held liable under the provisions of Article 330 of the AUDSC/AIE. This implies the obligation to comply with imperative labour laws, which are in the interest of the employees.
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Direito do trabalho Responsabilidade civil Administradores Trabalhadores Créditos laborais Teses de mestrado - 2025 Labor law Civil responsability Directors Workers labor credits