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O maneio do vitelo recém-nascido : efeito da quantidade ingerida de colostro na vitalidade dos vitelos
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Os vitelos nascem sem qualquer protecção contra os agentes infeciosos a que se encontram
expostos. Esta protecção é adquirida mediante o consumo de colostro que permite a aquisição
de imunoglobulinas produzidas pela vaca. A aquisição destas proteínas é designada por
transferência passiva da imunidade. O objectivo deste estudo consistiu na análise do efeito
da quantidade de colostro ingerida na vitalidade dos vitelos. Foram analisados 60 vitelos que
foram equitativamente divididos em dois grupos consoante a quantidade de colostro
consumida. O grupo 1, constituído por 18 fêmeas e 12 machos, consumiu 2,5l de colostro
enquanto o grupo 2, constituído por 15 fêmeas e 15 machos, consumiu 4l de colostro. Neste
estudo foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: qualidade do colostro (contagem de
mesófilos, contagem de coliformes e densidade), transferência da imunidade passiva e
vitalidade dos animais.
Contrariamente ao esperado, não se verificaram melhorias na qualidade do colostro com o
aumento da paridade das vacas. Após análise dos resultados obteve-se uma densidade de
1,053 e uma contagem de mesófilos e coliformes de 111901 ufc/ml e 1559 ufc/ml,
respectivamente. Relativamente à concentração proteica no soro, verificou-se que os animais
do grupo 1 evidenciaram menor concentração de proteína (6,99 g/dl) do que os animais do
grupo 2 (7,44 g/dl). Embora se tenham verificado diferenças na concentração proteica entre
os grupos, constatou-se que 98,3% da população obteve uma boa imunidade passiva (≥ 5,5
g/dl). Neste estudo não se verificaram casos de falha de transmissão passiva. Quanto à
vitalidade dos vitelos observou-se que esta não foi afectada pela quantidade de colostro
ingerida. Contudo, constatou-se que a idade do animal (0-7 dias, 8-14 dias e 15-30 dias) teve
influência nos parâmetros que exprimem a vitalidade, traduzindo uma maior susceptibilidade
dos animais na segunda semana de vida.
Em suma, conclui-se que com o maneio exercido, o fornecimento de 2,5l de colostro foi
suficiente para garantir a sobrevivência do neonato no período neonatal.
ABSTRACT - Management of the newborn dairy calf: Effect of colostrum quantity ingestion on calves vitality - Calves are born without any protection against the infectious agents to wich they are exposed. This protection is acquired through the consumption of colostrum that allows the acquisition of immunoglobulins by the cow. The acquisition of these proteins is called passive transfer of immunity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the amount of colostrum ingested on the vitality of the calves. Sixty calves were analised and evenly divided in two groups according to the amount of colostrum ingested. The first group, composed by 18 females and 12 males, consumed 2,5l of colostrum while the secong group, composed by 15 females and 15 males, consumed 4l of colostrum. The following parameters were evaluated: colostrum quality (total plate count (TPC), coliform count (CC) and specific gravity), transfer of passive immunity and animal’s vitality. Contrary to expectations, no improvements were seen on colostrum quality with the increase of the dam parity. After the results analysis we obtained a specific gravity of 1,053 and a TPC and CC of 111901 cfu/ml and 1559 cfu/ml, respectively. Regarding the serum protein concentration, the animals in group 1 showed lower protein concentration (6,99 g/dl) than the animals in group 2 (7,44 g/dl). Although there were no differences in protein concentration between the groups, it was found that 98,3% of the population obtained good transfer of passive immunity (≥ 5,5 g/dl). In this study there were no cases of failure of passive transfer. At last, calf’s vitality wasn’t affected by colostrum quantity. However, it was verified that the age of the animal had influence in the parameters that express the vitality, showing a greater susceptibility of the animals in the second week of life. In summary, it is concluded that with the management applied, the supply of 2,5l of colostrum was enough to guarantee the survival of the neonate in the neonatal period.
ABSTRACT - Management of the newborn dairy calf: Effect of colostrum quantity ingestion on calves vitality - Calves are born without any protection against the infectious agents to wich they are exposed. This protection is acquired through the consumption of colostrum that allows the acquisition of immunoglobulins by the cow. The acquisition of these proteins is called passive transfer of immunity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the amount of colostrum ingested on the vitality of the calves. Sixty calves were analised and evenly divided in two groups according to the amount of colostrum ingested. The first group, composed by 18 females and 12 males, consumed 2,5l of colostrum while the secong group, composed by 15 females and 15 males, consumed 4l of colostrum. The following parameters were evaluated: colostrum quality (total plate count (TPC), coliform count (CC) and specific gravity), transfer of passive immunity and animal’s vitality. Contrary to expectations, no improvements were seen on colostrum quality with the increase of the dam parity. After the results analysis we obtained a specific gravity of 1,053 and a TPC and CC of 111901 cfu/ml and 1559 cfu/ml, respectively. Regarding the serum protein concentration, the animals in group 1 showed lower protein concentration (6,99 g/dl) than the animals in group 2 (7,44 g/dl). Although there were no differences in protein concentration between the groups, it was found that 98,3% of the population obtained good transfer of passive immunity (≥ 5,5 g/dl). In this study there were no cases of failure of passive transfer. At last, calf’s vitality wasn’t affected by colostrum quantity. However, it was verified that the age of the animal had influence in the parameters that express the vitality, showing a greater susceptibility of the animals in the second week of life. In summary, it is concluded that with the management applied, the supply of 2,5l of colostrum was enough to guarantee the survival of the neonate in the neonatal period.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Zootécnica/Produção Animal
Palavras-chave
vitelo período neonatal colostro maneio imunidade passiva calf neonatal period colostrum management passive immunity
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Diniz, A.M.M.N.S. (2017). O maneio do vitelo recém-nascido : efeito da quantidade ingerida de colostro na vitalidade dos vitelos. Dissertação de mestrado. Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Instituto Superior de Agronomia