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As amígdalas e o canto
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A função das amígdalas ainda é fonte de debate na literatura médica, é considerada como uma das primeiras linhas de defesa no sistema imunitário da via aérea superior, fazendo parte do anel de Waldeyer. Quando a normal função das amígdalas palatinas é prejudicada por infeções de repetição, as amígdalas passam a ser um fator de fragilidade do sistema imunitário e a amigdalectomia costuma ser a solução mais indicada, É muito frequente em idade pediátrica, mas também cada vez mais efetuada em adultos.
As amígdalas estão alguns centímetros acima da laringe, onde se localizam as cordas vocais, e desempenham um papel no timbre da voz falada e cantada. Para numerosos cantores que sofrem de amigdalite crónica, ter que lidar com a possibilidade de atuar ou não com amigdalite é fonte de stress, frustração e diminuição da qualidade de vida. Uma vez que a amigdalectomia provoca inequivocamente alterações na orofaringe e aparelho vocal, há que ponderar bem entre a melhoria do estado de saúde geral do cantor e a possibilidade de perder algumas das características da sua voz. Com a amplificação do espaço orofaríngeo e alguma fibrose cicatricial dos músculos faríngeos, para além de uma rinolalia transitória pós-cirurgia, existe um aumento da ressonância, o que pode ser vantajoso para a produção de sons harmónicos. No entanto, existem estudos que demonstram um decréscimo da frequência fundamental, da amplitude vocal (nomeadamente para tons agudos), do jitter e do shimmer. Estas alterações podem ser trabalhadas após a amigdalectomia com a ajuda de professores de canto, de modo a aprender a utilizar o novo aparelho vocal da forma mais vantajosa para o artista, devolvendo-lhe a amplitude e segurança na voz cantada, com menor risco de lesões permanentes.
The function of the tonsils is still a source of debate in the medical literature, is considered as one of the first lines of defense in the immune system of the upper airway, forming part of Waldeyer's ring. When the normal function of the palatine tonsils is impaired by repetitive infections, the tonsils become a factor of fragility of the immune system and tonsillectomy is usually the most indicated solution. It is very frequent in pediatric age, but also more and more effected in adults. The tonsils are a few inches above the larynx, where the vocal cords are, and play a role in the ton of the speech and singing voice. For many singers suffering from chronic tonsillitis, having to deal with the possibility of performing or not with tonsillitis is a source of stress, frustration and bad life quality. Since tonsillectomy unequivocally causes changes in the oropharynx and vocal tract, it should be balance the pros and cons to the singer life. Without tonsils there is an amplification of the oropharyngeal space and some fibrosis of the pharyngeal muscles, in addition to a transient hipernasality after surgery, there is an increase in resonance, which may be advantageous for singing harmonic tones. However, there are studies that demonstrate a decrease in the fundamental frequency, vocal range (hight notes), jitter and shimmer. These changes can be worked on after the tonsillectomy with the help of professionals in performing voice, in order to learn how to use the new vocal anatomy in the most advantageous way for the artist, giving him back the vocal range and safety in the singing voice, with lower risk of permanent injury.
The function of the tonsils is still a source of debate in the medical literature, is considered as one of the first lines of defense in the immune system of the upper airway, forming part of Waldeyer's ring. When the normal function of the palatine tonsils is impaired by repetitive infections, the tonsils become a factor of fragility of the immune system and tonsillectomy is usually the most indicated solution. It is very frequent in pediatric age, but also more and more effected in adults. The tonsils are a few inches above the larynx, where the vocal cords are, and play a role in the ton of the speech and singing voice. For many singers suffering from chronic tonsillitis, having to deal with the possibility of performing or not with tonsillitis is a source of stress, frustration and bad life quality. Since tonsillectomy unequivocally causes changes in the oropharynx and vocal tract, it should be balance the pros and cons to the singer life. Without tonsils there is an amplification of the oropharyngeal space and some fibrosis of the pharyngeal muscles, in addition to a transient hipernasality after surgery, there is an increase in resonance, which may be advantageous for singing harmonic tones. However, there are studies that demonstrate a decrease in the fundamental frequency, vocal range (hight notes), jitter and shimmer. These changes can be worked on after the tonsillectomy with the help of professionals in performing voice, in order to learn how to use the new vocal anatomy in the most advantageous way for the artist, giving him back the vocal range and safety in the singing voice, with lower risk of permanent injury.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2020
Palavras-chave
Amigdalite crónica Amigdalectomia Amigdalectomia em cantores Características da voz após amigdalectomia Recuperação pós-amigdalectomia Otorrinolaringologia