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A potential atypical case of rabbit haemorrhagic disease in a dwarf rabbit

2020Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorAbade dos Santos, Fábio A.
dc.contributor.authorMagro, Carolina
dc.contributor.authorCarvalho, Carina L.
dc.contributor.authorRuivo, Pedro
dc.contributor.authorDuarte, Margarida D.
dc.contributor.authorPeleteiro, Maria C.
dc.date.accessioned2021-02-10T13:00:13Z
dc.date.available2021-02-10T13:00:13Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.descriptionCopyright: © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).pt_PT
dc.description.abstractRabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) is a highly contagious infectious disease of European wild and domestic rabbits. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV, GI.1) emerged in 1986 in Europe, rapidly spreading all over the world. Several genotypes of RHDV have been recognised over time, but in 2010, a new virus (RHDV2/RHDVb, GI.2) emerged and progressively replaced the previous RHDV strains, due to the lack of cross-immunity conferred between RHDV and RHDV2. RHDV2 has a high mutation rate, similarly to the other calivirus and recombines with strains of RHDV and non-pathogenic calicivirus (GI.4), ensuring the continuous emergence of new field strains. Although this poses a threat to the already endangered European rabbit species, the available vaccines against RHDV2 and the compliance of biosafety measures seem to be controlling the infection in the rabbit industry Pet rabbits, especially when kept indoor, are considered at lower risk of infections, although RHDV2 and myxoma virus (MYXV) constitute a permanent threat due to transmission via insects. Vaccination against these viruses is therefore recommended every 6 months (myxomatosis) or annually (rabbit haemorrhagic disease). The combined immunization for myxomatosis and RHDV through a commercially available bivalent vaccine with RHDV antigen has been extensively used (Nobivac® Myxo-RHD, MSD, Kenilworth, NJ, USA). This vaccine however does not confer proper protection against the RHDV2, thus the need for a rabbit clinical vaccination protocol update. Here we report a clinical case of hepatitis and alteration of coagulation in a pet rabbit that had been vaccinated with the commercially available bivalent vaccine against RHDV and tested positive to RHDV2 after death. The animal developed a prolonged and atypical disease, compatible with RHD. The virus was identified to be an RHDV2 recombinant strain, with the structural backbone of RHDV2 (GI.2) and the non-structural genes of non-pathogenic-A1 strains (RCV-A1, GI.4). Although confirmation of the etiological agent was only made after death, the clinical signs and analytic data were very suggestive of RHD.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipMost of the field and laboratory work referred to in this manuscript was supported by the FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia IP, Grant SFRH/BD/137067/2018, Grant UIDB/00276/2020. (and Project Fight-two: PTDC/CVT-CVT/29062/2017-PT2020), by Fundo Florestal Permanente (Government of Portugal) in the scope of the Action Plan for the Control of Rabbit Viral Haemorrhagic Disease (+COELHO, Dispatch no. 4757/2017 of 31 May, ref no. 2017014300001) and by Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (CIISA, FMV-UL) (Portugal). Funding bodies played no direct role in the design or conclusion of the study.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationAnimals (Basel). 2020 Dec 28;11(1):40pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ani11010040pt_PT
dc.identifier.eissn2076-2615
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10451/46271
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherMDPIpt_PT
dc.relationPTDC/CVT-CVT/29062/2017-PT2020pt_PT
dc.relationRabbit Viral Haemorrhagic Disease control in Iberian ecosystems: dynamics of virus spread, pathophysiology and improvement of prophylactic measures.
dc.relationCentre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/journal/animalspt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectEuropean rabbitpt_PT
dc.subjectOryctolagus cuniculuspt_PT
dc.subjectPet rabbitpt_PT
dc.subjectRabbit haemorrhagic diseasept_PT
dc.subjectAtypical clinical coursept_PT
dc.subjectSubacutept_PT
dc.titleA potential atypical case of rabbit haemorrhagic disease in a dwarf rabbitpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleRabbit Viral Haemorrhagic Disease control in Iberian ecosystems: dynamics of virus spread, pathophysiology and improvement of prophylactic measures.
oaire.awardTitleCentre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/OE/SFRH%2FBD%2F137067%2F2018/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00276%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.issue1pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage40pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleAnimalspt_PT
oaire.citation.volume11pt_PT
oaire.fundingStreamOE
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
person.familyNameRuivo
person.givenNamePedro
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-5419-4790
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery672d4f88-4141-4b22-917b-f66ed2904bbe
relation.isProjectOfPublicatione4f33419-21df-431f-8c77-051faa708c0b
relation.isProjectOfPublication8563a044-0c86-49a8-a275-8b1bb62cc0d8
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscoverye4f33419-21df-431f-8c77-051faa708c0b

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