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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A Doença de Parkinson é reconhecidamente uma doença do movimento. Contudo, um
conjunto de sintomas não-motores contribui para a morbilidade associada a esta doença.
A investigação sobre os sintomas não-motores tem assentado numa perspetiva
essencialmente biomédica. O presente estudo teve como objetivo explorar a vivência
subjetiva dos sintomas não-motores, devido à escassez de investigação sobre os fatores
psicológicos subjacentes aos mesmos. Utilizou-se uma amostra intencional de seis
doentes de Parkinson, submetidos a uma entrevista semiestruturada em encadeamento
com o Questionário de Sintomas Não-Motores (NMSQuest), sem procedimentos
estatísticos associados. A Análise Fenomenológica Interpretativa resultou em oito
categorias emergentes: 1) Vivência e explicação da doença; 2) Presença e ausência
percebida de sintomas; 3) Impacto da doença e seus sintomas; 4) Vivência e explicação
dos sintomas; 5) Atribuições causais; 6) Estratégias de coping; 7) Perceção de eficácia
das estratégias de coping; 8) Reflexão sobre o eu, a espiritualidade e o futuro. Os
resultados revelaram a idiossincrasia associada à vivência e explicação da doença e dos
sintomas não-motores, e o impacto negativo que estes últimos têm na comunicação e
relações interpessoais, na autonomia e funcionalidade e na realização de atividades de
interesse. As dificuldades de memória e a obstipação foram os sintomas mais reportados.
As múltiplas atribuições causais elaboradas destacaram a particularidade das
significações de cada doente e a ausência de um caráter patognomónico dos sintomas nãomotores.
Para sintomas disautonómicos e alterações do sono, os participantes reportaram
utilizar, preferencialmente, estratégias de coping focadas no problema. Para sintomas
psicológicos, foram elegidas as estratégias de coping focadas na emoção. A maior parte
das estratégias referidas foram percecionadas como eficazes no controlo dos mesmos.
Neste sentido, são discutidas implicações práticas para a intervenção psicológica,
nomeadamente a psicoeducação e automonitorização.
Parkinson's disease is known to be a movement disorder. However, a set of non-motor symptoms contributes to the morbidity associated with this disease. Research on nonmotor symptoms has been based on an essentially biomedical perspective. The present study aimed to explore the subjective experience of non-motor symptoms, due to lack of research on the underlying psychological factors. We used an intentional sample of six Parkinson's patients who underwent a semi-structured interview interlocking with the Non-Motor Symptom Questionnaire (NMSQuest), without associated statistical procedures. The Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis resulted in eight emerging categories: 1) Experience and explanation of the disease; 2) Perceived presence and absence of symptoms; 3) Impact of the disease and its symptoms; 4) Experience and explanation of symptoms; 5) Causal attributions; 6) Coping strategies; 7) Perceived effectiveness of coping strategies; 8) Reflection on self, spirituality and the future. The results revealed the idiosyncrasy related with the experience and explanation of the disease and non-motor symptoms, and the negative impact they have on communication and interpersonal relationships, on autonomy and functionality and on the performance of activities of interest. Memory difficulties and constipation were the most reported symptoms. The multiple causal attributions elaborated highlighted the particularity of the meanings of each patient and the absence of a pathognomonic feature of the non-motor symptoms. For dysautonomic symptoms and sleep disorders, participants reported using problem-focused coping strategies. For psychological symptoms, emotion-focused coping strategies were chosen. Most of the strategies were perceived as effective in symptom control. In this sense, practical implications for psychological intervention, namely psychoeducation, and self-monitoring are discussed.
Parkinson's disease is known to be a movement disorder. However, a set of non-motor symptoms contributes to the morbidity associated with this disease. Research on nonmotor symptoms has been based on an essentially biomedical perspective. The present study aimed to explore the subjective experience of non-motor symptoms, due to lack of research on the underlying psychological factors. We used an intentional sample of six Parkinson's patients who underwent a semi-structured interview interlocking with the Non-Motor Symptom Questionnaire (NMSQuest), without associated statistical procedures. The Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis resulted in eight emerging categories: 1) Experience and explanation of the disease; 2) Perceived presence and absence of symptoms; 3) Impact of the disease and its symptoms; 4) Experience and explanation of symptoms; 5) Causal attributions; 6) Coping strategies; 7) Perceived effectiveness of coping strategies; 8) Reflection on self, spirituality and the future. The results revealed the idiosyncrasy related with the experience and explanation of the disease and non-motor symptoms, and the negative impact they have on communication and interpersonal relationships, on autonomy and functionality and on the performance of activities of interest. Memory difficulties and constipation were the most reported symptoms. The multiple causal attributions elaborated highlighted the particularity of the meanings of each patient and the absence of a pathognomonic feature of the non-motor symptoms. For dysautonomic symptoms and sleep disorders, participants reported using problem-focused coping strategies. For psychological symptoms, emotion-focused coping strategies were chosen. Most of the strategies were perceived as effective in symptom control. In this sense, practical implications for psychological intervention, namely psychoeducation, and self-monitoring are discussed.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Núcleo de Psicologia da Saúde e da Doença), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2018
Palavras-chave
Doença de Parkinson Coping Depressão Teses de mestrado - 2018
