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Doença de dilatação do proventrículo : uma bornavirose
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A Doença de Dilatação do Proventrículo (DDP) foi inicialmente descrita na década de 1970
nos Estados Unidos da América (EUA) e na Europa. Trata-se de uma doença fatal, que
atinge mais de 50 espécies diferentes de aves domésticas e silvestres por todo o mundo.
Esta doença é caracterizada por infiltrações linfo-plasmocíticas dos gânglios do sistema
nervoso central e periférico, originando alterações neurológicas e/ou disfunções do aparelho
digestivo. A epidemiologia desta doença, associada ao facto de um vírus desconhecido com
envelope ter sido frequentemente observado, em tecidos e/ou fezes de animais doentes,
sugere uma etiologia viral. Recentemente o Bornavirus Aviário, um novo género da família
Bornaviridae, foi relacionado com psitacídeos afectados com DDP.
Neste estudo, relatamos doze casos observados na Catalunha, Espanha. Descrevemos os
sinais clínicos, os resultados de exames complementares de diagnóstico, as necrópsias e os
exames histopatológicos realizados. Um dos obstáculos com que nos deparámos foi a
dificuldade de diagnóstico em vida e pós-mortem, apenas um dos doze animais foi
diagnosticado com DDP antes de morrer e quatro após a necrópsia. No entanto os restantes
sete casos apresentavam sintomatologia compatível assim como relação temporal e
geográfica com as aves positivas. Assim, pensamos que será importante, na actualidade,
desenvolver métodos menos invasivos de diagnóstico baseados na biologia molecular para
a detecção de Bornavirus Aviário e de testes serológicos como alternativa aos métodos
histopatológicos.
No futuro deverão ser desenvolvidos em Portugal estudos epidemiológicos sobre DDP,
envolvendo os médicos veterinários, proprietários, a comunidade científica e entidades
oficiais com objectivo de avaliar os possíveis impactos económicos na avicultura e na
protecção da avifauna Portuguesa.
ABSTRACT - PROVENTRICULAR DILATATION DISEASE: A BORNAVIROSIS - Proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) was first described in the 1970’s in the USA and was also reported in Europe. Is a fatal disorder identified in over 50 different domesticated and wild birds species worldwide. The disease is characterized by lymphoplasmocytic infiltration of the ganglia of the central and peripheral nervous system, leading to central nervous system disorders and/or enteric motility disfunction. The epidemiology of the disease, along with the fact that an unknown virus with an envelope was frequently observed in affected tissues and/or feces of diseased birds, suggests a viral etiology. Recently Avian Bornavirus, representing a new genus within the family Bornaviridae, was related with PDD positive psittacine birds. This study reports twelve cases seen in Catalunya, Spain. Clinical signs, complementary diagnosis exams results, necropsy and histopathological findings are described. We found it very dificult to achive the final diagnosis in alive birds and at post-mortem, only one animal was diagnosed with PDD before dying and four after necropsy. However, the remaining seven cases showed compatible signs as well as temporal and geografic relation with the positive birds. Therefore it is important to develop new diagnostic methods based on molecular biological detection of Bornavirus, as well as serological tests as viable alternatives to invasive and postmortem histopathological diagnosis. Future studies on the epidemiology of PDD must be implemented in Portugal, combining efforts of private veterinarians, owners, scientifical community and Government authorities to evaluate the possible devastating impact on aviculture and on the Portuguese wild avifauna.
ABSTRACT - PROVENTRICULAR DILATATION DISEASE: A BORNAVIROSIS - Proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) was first described in the 1970’s in the USA and was also reported in Europe. Is a fatal disorder identified in over 50 different domesticated and wild birds species worldwide. The disease is characterized by lymphoplasmocytic infiltration of the ganglia of the central and peripheral nervous system, leading to central nervous system disorders and/or enteric motility disfunction. The epidemiology of the disease, along with the fact that an unknown virus with an envelope was frequently observed in affected tissues and/or feces of diseased birds, suggests a viral etiology. Recently Avian Bornavirus, representing a new genus within the family Bornaviridae, was related with PDD positive psittacine birds. This study reports twelve cases seen in Catalunya, Spain. Clinical signs, complementary diagnosis exams results, necropsy and histopathological findings are described. We found it very dificult to achive the final diagnosis in alive birds and at post-mortem, only one animal was diagnosed with PDD before dying and four after necropsy. However, the remaining seven cases showed compatible signs as well as temporal and geografic relation with the positive birds. Therefore it is important to develop new diagnostic methods based on molecular biological detection of Bornavirus, as well as serological tests as viable alternatives to invasive and postmortem histopathological diagnosis. Future studies on the epidemiology of PDD must be implemented in Portugal, combining efforts of private veterinarians, owners, scientifical community and Government authorities to evaluate the possible devastating impact on aviculture and on the Portuguese wild avifauna.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
DDP Doença de dilatação do Proventrículo Psitacídeos Bornavirus PDD Proventricular Dilatation Disease Psittacine Bornavirus
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Ramada, M.R.F.L. (2009). Doença de dilatação do proventrículo: uma bornavirose. Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária