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Bioencapsulação de proteínas : aplicações terapêuticas
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Resumo(s)
A bioencapsulação demonstrou ser eficaz em mimetizar o ambiente natural da célula e, deste modo, melhorar a eficiência da produção de vários compostos terapêuticos. Este processo tem um vasto campo de aplicação na biotecnologia e pode ser utilizado numa extensa variedade de patologias. Nas últimas décadas, a bioencapsulação apresentou uma enorme evolução. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar de forma detalhada, a bioencapsulação de proteínas terapêuticas e a sua aplicação na prática clínica. A utilização da bioencapsulação em várias áreas, incluindo na biotecnologia, tem sido aplicada no desenvolvimento de sistemas de veiculação controlada de fármacos com resultados promissores no aumento da sua estabilidade e eficácia de várias substâncias. As proteínas terapêuticas são utilizadas com o objetivo de mimetizar as funções de proteínas endógenas, como hormonas e fatores de crescimento que regulam vários processos fisiológicos no organismo. Há uma abordagem às características destas proteínas terapêuticas, a estratégias que possivelmente consigam modular a sua farmacocinética e farmacodinâmica, aos métodos e aos materiais utilizados na sua bioencapsulação. Atualmente recorremos aos métodos de encapsulação para melhorar a estabilidade, eficácia e segurança de uma determinada substância encapsulada. Este método é escolhido tendo em conta as propriedades do material que vai ser encapsulado, a sua futura aplicação e as características idealizadas para a sua libertação. Neste trabalho, são abordados os métodos de pequilação, hiperglicosilação e formação de micro e nanopartículas, mais concretamente hidrogeles e partículas lipídicas. São descritos os seus processos de formação, as suas vantagens e limitações e, ainda as suas aplicações na terapêutica. A utilização da bioencapsulação em várias áreas, incluindo na biotecnologia, tem sido aplicada no desenvolvimento de sistemas de veiculação controlada de fármacos com resultados promissores no aumento da sua estabilidade e eficácia de várias substâncias, que pode levar ao desenvolvimento de novos produtos inovadores em vários campos.
Bioencapsulation has been shown to be effective in mimicking the cell's natural environment and thereby improving the efficiency of production of various therapeutic compounds. This process has a wide field of application in biotechnology and can be used in a wide variety of pathologies. In recent decades, bioencapsulation has evolved enormously. The objective of this work is to present in detail the bioencapsulation of therapeutic proteins and their application in clinical practice. The use of bioencapsulation in several areas, including biotechnology, has been applied in the development of controlled drug delivery systems with promising results in increasing the stability and efficacy of various substances. Therapeutic proteins are used with the aim of mimicking the functions of endogenous proteins, such as hormones and growth factors that regulate various physiological processes in the body. There is an approach to the characteristics of these therapeutic proteins, to strategies that possibly manage to modulate their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, to the methods and materials used in their bioencapsulation. Currently, we resort to encapsulation methods to improve the stability, efficacy and safety of a particular encapsulated substance. This method is chosen taking into account the properties of the material to be encapsulated, its future application and the characteristics idealized for its release. In this work, we refer to the methods of PEGylation, hyperglycosylation and formation of micro and nanoparticles, more specifically hydrogels and lipid particles. Its training processes, its advantages and limitations, and also its applications in therapy are described. The use of bioencapsulation in several areas, including biotechnology, has been applied in the development of controlled drug delivery systems with promising results in increasing the stability and efficacy of various substances, which can lead to the development of new innovative products in various fields.
Bioencapsulation has been shown to be effective in mimicking the cell's natural environment and thereby improving the efficiency of production of various therapeutic compounds. This process has a wide field of application in biotechnology and can be used in a wide variety of pathologies. In recent decades, bioencapsulation has evolved enormously. The objective of this work is to present in detail the bioencapsulation of therapeutic proteins and their application in clinical practice. The use of bioencapsulation in several areas, including biotechnology, has been applied in the development of controlled drug delivery systems with promising results in increasing the stability and efficacy of various substances. Therapeutic proteins are used with the aim of mimicking the functions of endogenous proteins, such as hormones and growth factors that regulate various physiological processes in the body. There is an approach to the characteristics of these therapeutic proteins, to strategies that possibly manage to modulate their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, to the methods and materials used in their bioencapsulation. Currently, we resort to encapsulation methods to improve the stability, efficacy and safety of a particular encapsulated substance. This method is chosen taking into account the properties of the material to be encapsulated, its future application and the characteristics idealized for its release. In this work, we refer to the methods of PEGylation, hyperglycosylation and formation of micro and nanoparticles, more specifically hydrogels and lipid particles. Its training processes, its advantages and limitations, and also its applications in therapy are described. The use of bioencapsulation in several areas, including biotechnology, has been applied in the development of controlled drug delivery systems with promising results in increasing the stability and efficacy of various substances, which can lead to the development of new innovative products in various fields.
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2023, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia.
Palavras-chave
Bioencapsulação Proteínas terapêuticas Pequilação Glicosilação Mestrado Integrado -2023