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Em busca de uma estratégia energética da União Europeia para o Ártico. A UE no contexto da Cooperação Multilateral Regional: O caso do Barents Euro-Artic Council (2014-2022)
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Esta investigação foi realizada no âmbito do programa de Mestrado em Estratégia do Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas (ISCSP) da Universidade de Lisboa, tendo como objetivo a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Estratégia. O estudo incide sobre o papel da União Europeia (UE) no Ártico, especificamente no sector energético. Analisa o envolvimento da UE no Barents Euro-Arctic Council (BEAC) entre 2014 e 2022,
argumentando que, através da instrumentalização do BEAC, a UE poderá concretizar os seus interesses estratégicos em matéria de energia na região do Ártico. Esta investigação pretende demonstrar este argumento e identificar os principais vetores estratégicos da ação da UE no sector energético no Ártico.
A investigação adota uma perspetiva construtivista, considerando a realidade como uma construção social moldada por processos sociais, políticos e culturais e assenta numa metodologia interpretativista, adotando um estudo de caso simples de lógica indutiva. O objeto de estudo desta dissertação foi enquadrado à luz do quadro teórico da Teoria da Estratégia, centrando-se na relação entre Estratégia e Política de Abel Cabral Couto e no quadro das Interações Estratégicas do Almirante Silva Ribeiro, com uma análise complementar utilizando a Teoria dos Jogos Cooperativos. A escolha deste enquadramento teórico é justificada pela sua pertinência para a análise da participação da União Europeia no contexto da cooperação multilateral visto que, os autores e teorias mencionadas rejeitam a limitação da realidade social às relações de conflito, indicando a
cooperação como a estratégia que possibilita maximizar os interesses dos atores, neste caso, os interesses da União Europeia no Ártico.
O Ártico, afetado pelas alterações climáticas e pelo degelo, que revelou novos depósitos de hidrocarbonetos, tornou-se uma região de competição, particularmente intensificada pelo conflito armado entre a Ucrânia e a Rússia. Neste contexto, diversos atores, entre os quais a UE, procura cooperar para garantir o acesso aos recursos do Ártico. O interesse da UE no Ártico tem crescido a par das preocupações com as alterações climáticas, apresentando desafios ambientais e geopolíticos para os Estados do Ártico e oportunidades para os atores internacionais na extração de recursos e produção de energia.
A investigação contribui para o debate sobre o envolvimento da UE em organizações multilaterais para consolidar a sua Estratégia Energética e, especificamente, para a definição de uma Estratégia Energética da UE para o Ártico.
This research was carried out as part of the Master's programme in Strategy at the Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas (ISCSP) of the University of Lisbon, with the aim of obtaining a Master's degree in Strategy. The study focuses on the role of the European Union (EU) in the Arctic, specifically in the energy sector. It analyses the EU's involvement in the Barents Euro-Arctic Council (BEAC) between 2014 and 2022, arguing that by instrumentalising the BEAC, the EU will be able to realise its strategic energy interests in the Arctic region. This research aims to demonstrate this argument and identify the main strategic vectors of EU action in the energy sector in the Arctic. The research adopts a constructivist perspective, considering reality as a social construction moulded by social, political and cultural processes, and is based on an interpretivist methodology, adopting a simple case study with inductive logic. The object of study of this dissertation was framed in the light of the theoretical framework of Strategy Theory, focusing on the relationship between Strategy and Politics by Abel Cabral Couto and the framework of Strategic Interactions by Admiral Silva Ribeiro, with a complementary analysis using the Theory of Cooperative Games. The choice of this theoretical framework is justified by its relevance to the analysis of the European Union's participation in the context of multilateral cooperation, since the authors and theories mentioned reject the limitation of social reality to relations of conflict, indicating cooperation as the strategy that makes it possible to maximise the interests of the actors, in this case, the interests of the European Union in the Arctic.The Arctic, affected by climate change and melting ice, which has revealed new deposits of hydrocarbons, has become a region of competition, particularly intensified by the armed conflict between Ukraine and Russia. In this context, various actors, including the EU, are seeking to cooperate in order to guarantee access to Arctic resources. The EU's interest in the Arctic has grown in tandem with concerns about climate change, presenting environmental and geopolitical challenges for Arctic states and opportunities for international actors in resource extraction and energy production.The research contributes to the debate on the EU's involvement in multilateral organisations to consolidate its Energy Strategy and, specifically, to the definition of an EU Energy Strategy for the Arctic.
This research was carried out as part of the Master's programme in Strategy at the Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas (ISCSP) of the University of Lisbon, with the aim of obtaining a Master's degree in Strategy. The study focuses on the role of the European Union (EU) in the Arctic, specifically in the energy sector. It analyses the EU's involvement in the Barents Euro-Arctic Council (BEAC) between 2014 and 2022, arguing that by instrumentalising the BEAC, the EU will be able to realise its strategic energy interests in the Arctic region. This research aims to demonstrate this argument and identify the main strategic vectors of EU action in the energy sector in the Arctic. The research adopts a constructivist perspective, considering reality as a social construction moulded by social, political and cultural processes, and is based on an interpretivist methodology, adopting a simple case study with inductive logic. The object of study of this dissertation was framed in the light of the theoretical framework of Strategy Theory, focusing on the relationship between Strategy and Politics by Abel Cabral Couto and the framework of Strategic Interactions by Admiral Silva Ribeiro, with a complementary analysis using the Theory of Cooperative Games. The choice of this theoretical framework is justified by its relevance to the analysis of the European Union's participation in the context of multilateral cooperation, since the authors and theories mentioned reject the limitation of social reality to relations of conflict, indicating cooperation as the strategy that makes it possible to maximise the interests of the actors, in this case, the interests of the European Union in the Arctic.The Arctic, affected by climate change and melting ice, which has revealed new deposits of hydrocarbons, has become a region of competition, particularly intensified by the armed conflict between Ukraine and Russia. In this context, various actors, including the EU, are seeking to cooperate in order to guarantee access to Arctic resources. The EU's interest in the Arctic has grown in tandem with concerns about climate change, presenting environmental and geopolitical challenges for Arctic states and opportunities for international actors in resource extraction and energy production.The research contributes to the debate on the EU's involvement in multilateral organisations to consolidate its Energy Strategy and, specifically, to the definition of an EU Energy Strategy for the Arctic.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção de grau de Mestre Em Estratégia
Palavras-chave
Conselho Euro-Ártico do Mar de Barents União Europeia Ártico Recursos energéticos Estratégia Barents Euro-Arctic Council European Union Arctic Energy Resources Strategy