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Resumo(s)
O presente trabalho tem por finalidade maior dispor, ainda que brevemente, de argumentos não exaustivos que tentem explicar o cumprimento do direito subjetivo à saúde através de políticas públicas vigentes no Brasil. Para que isso ocorra da melhor maneira possível, analisa-se a efetivação da saúde decorrente do Estado do bem estar social, caracterizando-a como direito subjetivo oponível contra o Estado ao derrogar sua indisponibilidade e fundamentabilidade presente na Constituição Federal da República Federativa do Brasil. Ademais, conceituam-se, também de forma breve, as políticas públicas, especificando suas características e peculiaridades, os seus tipos, classificação e dificuldades de implementação no Estado Democrático de Direito. Sendo assim, por meio delas, assegura-se, ou se tenta assegurar, à população, em seus mais diversos patamares de classes, uma forma de garantir que a saúde seja efetivada e concretizada. Além disso, trata-se acerca da justiciabilidade da saúde, inclusive do processo, passo a passo, de formatação de políticas públicas desta seara. Não obstante, traz-se à baila a dicotomia existente entre a garantia do mínimo existencial e a reserva do possível, duas instituições jurídicas presentes na persecução do cumprimento dos direitos sociais, uma vez que, para que eles sejam efetivados, é necessária a análise da viabilidade do orçamento público. Nesse contexto, surgem eminentes riscos de politização do Poder Judiciário por meio de um ativismo judicial desmedido, reflexo da falta de representatividade parlamentar ou da representatividade posta em crise. Assim sendo, imputam-se sujeitos que definem as ações de saúde no Brasil por meio de provocação ao Poder Judiciário, explicando-se também a intervenção deste Poder no que se infere à saúde e buscando, em contra partida, inserir limites em sua intervenção. Por último, analisa-se a hipótese de influência das audiências públicas propostas pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal para que se verifique se elas são observadas e respeitadas, ainda que parcialmente, ou se são meramente formais na consecução da saúde pública.
The main goal of this paper, though briefly, is to present some non-exhaustive arguments to explain the subjective right of health through public politics in Brazil. The best way to reach this goal is by analyzing the effectiveness of this subjective right provided by the Welfare State, by pointing it out as a fundamental and indispensable subjective right which shall be opposed to the State according to The Constitution of Brazil. Also, it is given the concepts, briefly, of some public politics, specifying their characteristics and peculiarities, their types, classifications, and difficulties to be implemented in a due state of law, It is through these public politics that the population, all social classes included, ensures or at least tries to ensure, the effectiveness or realization of its right for public health. Moreover, it is discussed the legalization of health including, step by step, the process of creating public politics on this field. Besides, it brings out the dichotomy between ―The Existential Minimum‖ and ―The Possible Reserve‖, two judicial institutions present on the search for implementing social rights since their attainment depends on analyses of the public budget. In this contest emerges risks of politicizing the Judicial System through an overwhelming judicial activism as a reflection of the lack of parliamentary representation or its crisis. Consequently, the responsibility to implement public health actions in Brazil is defined by provoking the judicial system which explains its intervention in matters related to public health, even though it always tries to impose limits upon itself. At last, it is analyzed the hypotheses of the influences of Public Hearings proposed by the Supreme Court, in order to verify whether they are really taken in account and respected, even partially, or whether they are just mere formalities on the attainment of public health.
The main goal of this paper, though briefly, is to present some non-exhaustive arguments to explain the subjective right of health through public politics in Brazil. The best way to reach this goal is by analyzing the effectiveness of this subjective right provided by the Welfare State, by pointing it out as a fundamental and indispensable subjective right which shall be opposed to the State according to The Constitution of Brazil. Also, it is given the concepts, briefly, of some public politics, specifying their characteristics and peculiarities, their types, classifications, and difficulties to be implemented in a due state of law, It is through these public politics that the population, all social classes included, ensures or at least tries to ensure, the effectiveness or realization of its right for public health. Moreover, it is discussed the legalization of health including, step by step, the process of creating public politics on this field. Besides, it brings out the dichotomy between ―The Existential Minimum‖ and ―The Possible Reserve‖, two judicial institutions present on the search for implementing social rights since their attainment depends on analyses of the public budget. In this contest emerges risks of politicizing the Judicial System through an overwhelming judicial activism as a reflection of the lack of parliamentary representation or its crisis. Consequently, the responsibility to implement public health actions in Brazil is defined by provoking the judicial system which explains its intervention in matters related to public health, even though it always tries to impose limits upon itself. At last, it is analyzed the hypotheses of the influences of Public Hearings proposed by the Supreme Court, in order to verify whether they are really taken in account and respected, even partially, or whether they are just mere formalities on the attainment of public health.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Direito constitucional Direito à saúde Direitos fundamentais Políticas públicas Poder judiciário Audiência Brasil Teses de mestrado - 2018
