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Parliaments and parliamentarians as international actors
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Parliaments and parliamentarians traditionally have been a feature of domestic
politics, as a distinctive branch of government or as representatives of the people
respectively. However, lately they have come to develop a different role linked
to international rather than domestic politics, especially regarding regional
organizations. Parliamentary institutions engage in international affairs in three
major ways: 1) by influencing foreign policy through national parliaments; 2) by
conducting parallel diplomatic relations, known as parliamentary diplomacy;
and 3) by establishing and empowering parliaments as representative bodies
of international, often regional, organizations. These roles differ in form and
substance. The first is a classical function of parliaments and implies no policymaking
innovation, although the degree to which parliaments do so varies from one
democracy to another. The second function is more recent and has focused mainly
on peace-building and conflict-prevention activities. The third is the most atypical
function, and is ideally oriented towards supranational institution building.
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Citação
Malamud, Andrés and Stavridis, Stelios (2011). Parliaments and parliamentarians as international actors. In: Reinalda, Bob (ed), The Ashgate research companion to non-state actors. Farnham: Ashgate