A carregar...
Publicação
Uma abordagem da economia comportamental à questão dos refugiados
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.66 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A Crise dos Refugiados tem levantado bastante polémica nos últimos anos, essencialmente devido ao afluxo acentuado de pessoas que chega à Europa em busca de asilo. Ainda que exista uma política de integração a nível da União Europeia, não há um mecanismo verdadeiramente eficaz que possa dar resposta à situação,
principalmente pelo seu caráter inesperado. A Síria, donde partem cada vez mais refugiados, está no epicentro desta crise humanitária e cada vez mais afigura-se necessário promover uma consciencialização da magnitude do problema. A Economia Comportamental concebe uma abordagem que, aplicada à questão, pode permitir encontrar soluções viáveis e políticas de integração que possam combater as irracionalidades no comportamento do ser humano, tanto a nível individual, como a nível das sociedades no geral. A integração deve operar tanto da parte dos países de acolhimento, como da parte dos refugiados. A análise económico-comportamental da crise dos refugiados incide no acordo entre a União Europeia e a Turquia, com base nos custos e nos benefícios, e atendendo às heurísticas e enviesamentos que constituem verdadeiros fenómenos que pautam a conduta humana. Este estudo demonstra como pequenos estímulos e incentivos, devidamente enquadrados, podem permitir alcançar soluções economicamente positivas. Se a estas conseguirmos juntar
medidas com benefícios sociais e legais, chegaremos mais perto de resolver aquela que tem sido uma crise marcada pela passividade, pelo comodismo ou até pela indiferença. A aplicação do modelo ao problema permitiu-nos perceber que a origem do mesmo está nas limitações do comportamento humano.
The Refugee Crisis has been quite controversial in recent years, mainly due to the sharp influx of people who have come to Europe in search of asylum. Although there is a policy of integration at a European Union level, there is no truly effective mechanism that can respond to the situation, mainly because of its unexpected nature. Syria, who has been ousting more and more refugees, is the epicenter of this humanitarian crisis and it is increasingly necessary to raise awareness to the magnitude of the problem. Behavioral Economics conceives an approach that, applied to the question, can allow us to find viable solutions and integration policies that can fight the irrationalities in human behavior, both individually and at the level of societies in general. Integration must operate both on the part of host countries and on the part of refugees. The economic-behavioral analysis of the refugee crisis is based on the EU-Turkey Deal, its costs and benefits, given the heuristics and biases that constitute real phenomena that guide human conduct. This study demonstrates how small incentives, properly framed, can allow to reach economically positive solutions. If we can bring together measures with social and legal benefits, we will come closer to solving what has been a crisis marked by passivity, self-indulgence or even indifference. The application of the model to the problem allowed us to perceive that the origin of the same is in the limitations of the human behavior.
The Refugee Crisis has been quite controversial in recent years, mainly due to the sharp influx of people who have come to Europe in search of asylum. Although there is a policy of integration at a European Union level, there is no truly effective mechanism that can respond to the situation, mainly because of its unexpected nature. Syria, who has been ousting more and more refugees, is the epicenter of this humanitarian crisis and it is increasingly necessary to raise awareness to the magnitude of the problem. Behavioral Economics conceives an approach that, applied to the question, can allow us to find viable solutions and integration policies that can fight the irrationalities in human behavior, both individually and at the level of societies in general. Integration must operate both on the part of host countries and on the part of refugees. The economic-behavioral analysis of the refugee crisis is based on the EU-Turkey Deal, its costs and benefits, given the heuristics and biases that constitute real phenomena that guide human conduct. This study demonstrates how small incentives, properly framed, can allow to reach economically positive solutions. If we can bring together measures with social and legal benefits, we will come closer to solving what has been a crisis marked by passivity, self-indulgence or even indifference. The application of the model to the problem allowed us to perceive that the origin of the same is in the limitations of the human behavior.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Refugiados Economia comportamental Acordo Turquia Síria União Europeia Teses de mestrado - 2018