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A identidade do patriarca na família rural moçambicana em Jerusalém, de Mia Couto
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Resumo(s)
O presente estudo constitui uma reflexão crítica do romance Jesusalém, da
autoria de Mia Couto. Jesusalém é, de certa forma, considerada a mais madura e mais
conseguida obra do autor; com um tempo complexo, o autor alicia os leitores com o
seu jeito criativo e estilo poético tão pessoal. Com base nos estudos e discussões
levados a cabo em torno das teorias literárias e no campo da cultura, especificamente
da relação entre a ficção e a realidade, este documento sustenta a existência de uma
identidade do patriarca na família rural moçambicana na obra em causa.
Tal assunção é fundamentada, essencialmente, no reconhecimento de
elementos históricos, socioculturais, políticos, entre outros, que se apresentam de
forma metafórica e em parábolas na narrativa Jesusalém. A configuração destes
elementos envereda para a explicação de uma condição de vida social rural, de uma
população desolada pela guerra, frustrada pela miséria e de poucas esperanças.
Descreve-se, todavia, a vida social de uma comunidade rural que luta para moldar uma
identidade a favorecer os mais novos, através de um processo de manutenção e
preservação da cultura meramente tradicional (banto). Esta condição de vida social é,
em parte, uma negação da vida urbana, uma resistência contra o medo e males da
cidade, uma abstenção dos efeitos negativos daquilo que são chamadas as culturas
fluídas e, em geral, da globalização. Este mecanismo é fundamentado em torno das
diferenças no género, em que o homem – que desempenha o papel de chefe de família
- detém poderes excessivos e é, substancialmente, uma figura temida e que deve,
incondicionalmente, ser obedecida.
A considerar-se um romance ‘histórico’ e ‘realista’ propõe-se o enaltecimento
da identidade e da cultura face aos efeitos da globalização – assuntos estes que fazem
parte dos debates incessantes nos últimos tempos.
Em suma, descreve-se a família rural moçambicana como um modelo de vida
mais tranquila e sossegado, o qual, em oposição da vida urbana, concorre e reencontra
o estilo de vida tradicional banto.
This study is a critical reflection on the novel Jesusalém, written by Mia Couto. Jerusalem is, in a certain way, considered the most mature and most accomplished work from the author; with a complex time, the author seduces the readers with his personal creative and poetic style. Based on the studies and discussions carried out around the literary and cultural theories, specifically the relation between fiction and reality, this document supports the existence of an identity of the patriarch in the rural families of Mozambique. This assumption is based, essentially, on the recognition of historical, sociocultural, political issues, among other elements, which are represented in the narrative either metaphorically or by parables. The configuration of these elements support the explanation of a real rural life condition, of a population desolated by war, frustrated by poverty and almost with no hope. It is described, however, the social life of a rural community that struggles to shape an identity which can favour the young ones, through a process of maintenance and preservation of merely traditional culture (banto). This social life condition is, in part, a denial of urban life, a resistance against fear and evil in the city, an abstention from the negative effects of the so called fluid cultures and, in general, the globalization. This mechanism is founded on the gender differences, where the man - who plays the role of breadwinner - holds an excessive power within the family and is, substantially, feared and must be unconditionally obeyed. On considering an 'historical' and 'realistic' novel, it proposes the enhancement of identity and culture against the effects of globalization – and these subjects are part of the incessant debates in recent times. In short, it describes the Mozambican rural family as model of a more quiet and peaceful way of life, which, in opposition to urban life, competes and finds the style of traditional banto life.
This study is a critical reflection on the novel Jesusalém, written by Mia Couto. Jerusalem is, in a certain way, considered the most mature and most accomplished work from the author; with a complex time, the author seduces the readers with his personal creative and poetic style. Based on the studies and discussions carried out around the literary and cultural theories, specifically the relation between fiction and reality, this document supports the existence of an identity of the patriarch in the rural families of Mozambique. This assumption is based, essentially, on the recognition of historical, sociocultural, political issues, among other elements, which are represented in the narrative either metaphorically or by parables. The configuration of these elements support the explanation of a real rural life condition, of a population desolated by war, frustrated by poverty and almost with no hope. It is described, however, the social life of a rural community that struggles to shape an identity which can favour the young ones, through a process of maintenance and preservation of merely traditional culture (banto). This social life condition is, in part, a denial of urban life, a resistance against fear and evil in the city, an abstention from the negative effects of the so called fluid cultures and, in general, the globalization. This mechanism is founded on the gender differences, where the man - who plays the role of breadwinner - holds an excessive power within the family and is, substantially, feared and must be unconditionally obeyed. On considering an 'historical' and 'realistic' novel, it proposes the enhancement of identity and culture against the effects of globalization – and these subjects are part of the incessant debates in recent times. In short, it describes the Mozambican rural family as model of a more quiet and peaceful way of life, which, in opposition to urban life, competes and finds the style of traditional banto life.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Couto, Mia, pseud. Jesusalém Masculinidade - Na literatura Papel segundo o sexo - Na literatura Moçambique - Na literatura Romance moçambicano - séc.20 - História e crítica Teses de mestrado - 2016