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O potencial uso das algas nos suplementos alimentares
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Os oceanos representam cerca de 70% do planeta e possuem uma vasta biodiversidade de organismos marinhos, onde se incluem as algas. As algas são exploradas há vários séculos, como alimento mas também como medicamento, devido às suas propriedades biológicas, principalmente pela medicina tradicional nos países asiáticos. A fitoterapia tem ganho importância no setor farmacêutico, traduzindo-se no aumento de estudos conduzidos em medicamentos e suplementos à base de plantas e algas na tentativa de acompanhar a grande demanda por estes produtos.
O mercado dos suplementos alimentares tem crescido exponencialmente na última década, bem como a procura por alternativas não farmacológicas. São, pelo menos, três os fatores principais que têm contribuído para este padrão de consumo: o envelhecimento da população mundial e a elevada prevalência de doenças crónicas que implicam novas abordagens terapêuticas para assegurar a qualidade de vida e saúde. A pandemia, devido ao SARS-CoV-2, conduziu a um aumento da procura por reforços imunitários. Por último, a constante preocupação de manter um estilo de vida saudável que leva às pessoas a procurarem ter uma atividade física constante, fomentou a necessidade de produtos energéticos e de recuperação muscular.
Através da revisão bibliográfica, foram abordadas potenciais aplicações de algas como suplementosalimentares,principaisefeitos, einteraçõesatéagoraidentificados.Aolongoda pesquisa foram discutidos potenciais terapêuticos como a atividade antioxidante, propriedades anti-inflamatórias e cardiovasculares. Observou-se uma clara existência de exemplos de compostos e estudos in vitro, in silico e in vivo conduzidos em algas como fontes de bioativos com propriedades antimicrobianas, anti-inflamatórios, analgésicas, antioxidantes, antitumorais. Contudo, a maioria desses estudos não possui perfis de segurança bem estabelecidos. Por conseguinte é necessário continuar a investigação nesta área. Também é importante fundamentar a exploração responsável e avaliar a sustentabilidade ambiental e financeira, identificando quais os melhores mecanismos de extração e processamento, bem como as espécies de algas a serem exploradas. Os aspetos legais relacionados com a utilização de suplementos alimentares em Portugal também são retratados.
De acordo com os dados apresentados, conclui-se que as algas tem diversos potenciais usos na área dos suplementos alimentares, nomeadamente devido às suas propriedades antioxidante, anti inflamatória e cardioprotetora.
The oceans represent about 70% of the planet and have a vast biodiversity of marine organisms, including algae. Algae have been exploited for centuries, both as food and medicine, due to their biological properties, mainly in traditional medicine in Asian countries. Phytotherapy has gained importance in the pharmaceutical sector, more and more studies are being conducted on herbal medicines and supplements in an attempt to keep up with the demand for these products. The food supplements market has grown exponentially in the last decade, as well as the demand for non-pharmacological alternatives. There are at least three main factors that have contributed to this consumption pattern: the aging of the world's population and the high prevalence of chronic diseases that imply new therapeutic approaches to ensure quality of life and health. The pandemic, due to SARS-CoV-2, has led to an increased demand for immune boosters. Finally, the constant concern to maintain a healthy lifestyle, which leads people to seek constant physical activity, has fostered the need for energy products and muscle recovery. Through the bibliographic review, potential applications of seaweed as food supplements, main effects, and interactions identified so far were addressed. Throughout the research, therapeutic potentials such as antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular properties were discussed. There was a clear existence of examples of compounds and in vitro, in silico and in vivo studies conducted on seaweed as sources of bioactives with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant and antitumor properties. However, most of these studies do not have well-established safety profiles. It is therefore necessary to continue research in this area. It is also important to support responsible exploration and assess environmental and financial sustainability, identifying the best extraction and processing mechanisms as well as the species of algae to be exploited. The legal aspects related to the use of dietary supplements in Portugal are also portrayed. According to the data presented, it is concluded that seaweed has several potential uses in the area of food supplements, namely due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties.
The oceans represent about 70% of the planet and have a vast biodiversity of marine organisms, including algae. Algae have been exploited for centuries, both as food and medicine, due to their biological properties, mainly in traditional medicine in Asian countries. Phytotherapy has gained importance in the pharmaceutical sector, more and more studies are being conducted on herbal medicines and supplements in an attempt to keep up with the demand for these products. The food supplements market has grown exponentially in the last decade, as well as the demand for non-pharmacological alternatives. There are at least three main factors that have contributed to this consumption pattern: the aging of the world's population and the high prevalence of chronic diseases that imply new therapeutic approaches to ensure quality of life and health. The pandemic, due to SARS-CoV-2, has led to an increased demand for immune boosters. Finally, the constant concern to maintain a healthy lifestyle, which leads people to seek constant physical activity, has fostered the need for energy products and muscle recovery. Through the bibliographic review, potential applications of seaweed as food supplements, main effects, and interactions identified so far were addressed. Throughout the research, therapeutic potentials such as antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular properties were discussed. There was a clear existence of examples of compounds and in vitro, in silico and in vivo studies conducted on seaweed as sources of bioactives with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant and antitumor properties. However, most of these studies do not have well-established safety profiles. It is therefore necessary to continue research in this area. It is also important to support responsible exploration and assess environmental and financial sustainability, identifying the best extraction and processing mechanisms as well as the species of algae to be exploited. The legal aspects related to the use of dietary supplements in Portugal are also portrayed. According to the data presented, it is concluded that seaweed has several potential uses in the area of food supplements, namely due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties.
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2023, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia.
Palavras-chave
Food supplements Seaweed Immunity system Antioxidant activity Anti-inflammatory Cardioprotective Mestrado Integrado - 2023