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Serviço europeu para a ação externa : um verdadeiro serviço diplomático para a política externa europeia?
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O presente trabalho tem como objeto o Serviço Europeu para a Ação Externa, enquanto serviço e corpo diplomático que serve e promove, tanto os interesses e valores europeus com base nos quais a União Europeia foi fundada, mas também os interesses e valores dos Estados Membros da União Europeia que apesar de procurarem uma cultura europeia comum, acabam, por vezes, a desenvolver uma diplomacia que nem sempre vai ao encontro dos objetivos delineados pelo Serviço Europeu para a Ação Externa, pelo seu Alto Representante da União para os Negócios Estrangeiros e a Política de Segurança e pela União Europeia enquanto organização internacional com competências em matéria de política externa.
Procuramos perceber até que ponto consegue exercer as suas funções enquanto serviço diplomático que se equipara a um serviço diplomático dos Estados, se as condições, que existem à luz do direito diplomático e da prática internacional diplomática, permitem que o corpo diplomático europeu consiga atuar junto do palco internacional de forma a que seja possível alcançar os seus objetivos ao nível da sua política externa, falamos aqui da observação e partilha de informação, negociação com o Estado acreditador, proteção diplomática e promoção de relações bilaterais, questões transversais a todos os serviços diplomáticos à luz do direito internacional público.
Este serviço diplomático não se encontra apenas limitado pelo direito internacional público, outros aspetos como os interesses e o papel dos Estados Membros, outros sujeitos de direito internacional e as próprias instituições europeias acabam por em causa o papel de um corpo diplomático que possui, cerca de 140 delegações da União e que tem como uma das suas principais funções assegurar e garantir a coerência entre os diferentes domínios da ação externa da União entre os Estados Membros e as instituições europeias e as suas outras políticas, onde o Alto Representante assume um papel de extrema importância para assegurar esta coesão, tendo por base os cargos que foram atribuídos ao Alto Representante com o Tratado de Lisboa.
The subject of this work is the European External Action Service as a diplomatic service and body serving and promoting both the European interests and values on the basis of which the European Union was founded, as well as the interests and values of the Member States of the European Union, which despite of pursuing a common European culture, sometimes end up developing a diplomacy that does not always meet the objectives outlined by the European External Action Service, its High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Policy Security Council and the European Union as an international organization with competence in foreign policy matters. We try to understand the extent to which it can carry out its functions as a diplomatic service which is equivalent to a diplomatic service of the States if the conditions which exist in the light of the international diplomatic law and international diplomatic practice allow the European diplomatic corps to be able to act at the international level required in order to achieve its objectives in terms of its foreign policy, we are talking about the observation and sharing of information, negotiation with the receiving State, diplomatic protection and the promotion of bilateral relations, cross-cutting issues for all diplomatic services to the light of public international law. This diplomatic service is not only limited by public international law, other aspects such as the interests and role of the Member States, other subjects of international law and the European institutions themselves are undermining the role of a diplomatic corps which, 140 of the Union's delegations and whose main function is to ensure the consistency between the different areas of the Union's external action between Member States and the European institutions and their other policies, in which the High Representative takes a leading role importance of ensuring this cohesion, considering the jobs that were assigned to the High Representative under the Lisbon Treaty.
The subject of this work is the European External Action Service as a diplomatic service and body serving and promoting both the European interests and values on the basis of which the European Union was founded, as well as the interests and values of the Member States of the European Union, which despite of pursuing a common European culture, sometimes end up developing a diplomacy that does not always meet the objectives outlined by the European External Action Service, its High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Policy Security Council and the European Union as an international organization with competence in foreign policy matters. We try to understand the extent to which it can carry out its functions as a diplomatic service which is equivalent to a diplomatic service of the States if the conditions which exist in the light of the international diplomatic law and international diplomatic practice allow the European diplomatic corps to be able to act at the international level required in order to achieve its objectives in terms of its foreign policy, we are talking about the observation and sharing of information, negotiation with the receiving State, diplomatic protection and the promotion of bilateral relations, cross-cutting issues for all diplomatic services to the light of public international law. This diplomatic service is not only limited by public international law, other aspects such as the interests and role of the Member States, other subjects of international law and the European institutions themselves are undermining the role of a diplomatic corps which, 140 of the Union's delegations and whose main function is to ensure the consistency between the different areas of the Union's external action between Member States and the European institutions and their other policies, in which the High Representative takes a leading role importance of ensuring this cohesion, considering the jobs that were assigned to the High Representative under the Lisbon Treaty.
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Serviço Europeu para a Ação Externa Delegações da União Formação Diplomática Corpo Diplomático Europeu Prática Internacional Diplomática Teses de mestrado - 2019