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Originalmente, o federalismo surge com a Constituição dos Estados Unidos da América de 1787 espalhando se, em variados modelos e com distintas características, para diversos Estados do mundo. No Brasil, a experiência federalista teve início com a Proclamação da República em 15 de novembro de 1889, estabelecendo se a forma federal de Estado na Constituição de 1891 e perpetuando se, quer seja apenas formalmente, ou na prática, em todas as posteriores Cartas constitucionais. A Constituição de 1988, elaborada ao fim da Ditadura do Regime Militar, buscou equilibrar as competências constitucionais entre as unidades
federativas, elevando, ainda, os municípios à condição de entes federados, mas concentra, haja vista a origem e histórico do federalismo brasileiro, as competências político administrativas, legislativas e tributárias, majoritariamente na União. O Supremo Tribunal Federal, responsável por processar e julgar os conflitos de competência entre os entes federados, apresenta a tendência em solucionar os conflitos federativos em favor do poder central, ainda que, pontualmente a exemplo das decisões proferidas durante o enfrentamento da pandemia da Covid 19 posicione se com vis tas a exaltar os demais entes da Federação brasileira.
Originally, federalism emerged with the Constitution of the United States of America of 1787, spreading, in different models and with different characteristics, to different States in the world. In Brazil, the federalist experience began with the Proclamation of the Republic on November 15 of 1889, establishing th e federal form of State in the Constitution of 1891 and perpetuating itself, whether only formally, or in practice, in all subsequent Constitutional Letters. The 1988 Constitution, written at the end of the Military Regime Dictatorship, sought to balance c onstitutional powers between the federative units, also elevating municipalities to the status of federated entities, but concentrates, given the origin and history of Brazilian federalism, the political administrative, legislative and tax competences, mos tly in the Union. The Federal Supreme Court, responsible for processing and judging conflicts of competence between federated entities, has a tendency to resolve federative conflicts in favor of the central power, even if, occasionally like the decisions made during the coping of the Covid 19 pandemic position yourself with a view to exalting the other entities of the Brazilian Federation.
Originally, federalism emerged with the Constitution of the United States of America of 1787, spreading, in different models and with different characteristics, to different States in the world. In Brazil, the federalist experience began with the Proclamation of the Republic on November 15 of 1889, establishing th e federal form of State in the Constitution of 1891 and perpetuating itself, whether only formally, or in practice, in all subsequent Constitutional Letters. The 1988 Constitution, written at the end of the Military Regime Dictatorship, sought to balance c onstitutional powers between the federative units, also elevating municipalities to the status of federated entities, but concentrates, given the origin and history of Brazilian federalism, the political administrative, legislative and tax competences, mos tly in the Union. The Federal Supreme Court, responsible for processing and judging conflicts of competence between federated entities, has a tendency to resolve federative conflicts in favor of the central power, even if, occasionally like the decisions made during the coping of the Covid 19 pandemic position yourself with a view to exalting the other entities of the Brazilian Federation.
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Federalismo Descentralização Supremo Tribunal Federal - Brasil Direito comparado Teses de mestrado - 2024 Federalism Decentralization Federal Supreme Court - Brazil