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Abstract(s)
O declínio do sobreiro (Quercus suber L.) em Portugal é uma realidade. A perda de vitalidade das árvores, da qualidade da cortiça e inevitavelmente da rentabilidade da exploração, tem motivado os proprietários a procurar outras espécies, como o pinheiro-manso (Pinus pinea L.), como alternativa e/ou complemento a estes povoamentos de sobreiro.
O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a sustentabilidade ecológica e produtiva dos povoamentos mistos de sobreiro e pinheiro-manso, criando conhecimentos práticos para o proprietário e gestor florestal. Pretende-se que seja um ponto de partida para a constituição de uma rede de parcelas permanentes, compilar as principais motivações e mais-valias do sistema e identificar problemas relacionados com a gestão do mesmo.
Colaboram neste estudo seis explorações situadas entre os concelhos de Gavião e Ferreira do Alentejo, representando diferentes áreas de distribuição das duas espécies em mistura. O trabalho foi organizado em duas fases, uma fase qualitativa com recurso a entrevistas aos proprietários e uma fase quantitativa onde foi efetuado um inventário florestal.
A informação foi recolhida junto dos proprietários e gestores florestais no terreno que, individualmente, tiveram a iniciativa de implementar plantações mistas de sobreiro e pinheiro-manso.
Os resultados analisados revelam diversas motivações dos gestores para a mistura destas espécies: diversificação e rentabilidade das áreas florestais com duas espécies com bom potencial produtivo, problemas com montados envelhecidos e/ou decrépitos com baixa densidade de árvores, gestão de florestas mais resistentes e resilientes no futuro e preservação da biodiversidade na floresta. O inventário efetuado revela que menores densidades de árvores no povoamento levaram a uma ligeira diminuição da altura média das árvores, a um ligeiro aumento da largura da copa e do tronco em ambas as espécies. Houve indicadores de taxas de sobrevivência mais elevadas dos sobreiros e dos pinheiros-mansos quando plantados em consociação.
The decline of the cork oak (Quercus suber L.) in Portugal is a reality. The loss of vitality of the trees, the quality of the cork and, inevitably, the profitability of the farm, has motivated owners to look for other species, such as stone pine (Pinus pinea L.), as an alternative and/or complement to these cork oak stands. The aim of this work is to investigate the ecological and productive sustainability of mixed stands of cork oak and stone pine, creating practical knowledge for forest owners and managers. The objective is to set up a network of permanent plots on mixtures, compiling the main motivations and added value of the system and identifying problems related to its management. Six farms located between the municipalities of Gavião and Ferreira do Alentejo were considered in this study, representing different areas of distribution of the two species in mixture. The work was organized into two sections: a qualitative section, using interviews with the owners and a quantitative sectio, in which a forest inventory was carried out. The information was collected from owners and forest managers in the field who, individually, had taken the initiative to implement mixed plantations of cork oak and stone pine. The results analyzed reveal several motivations that lead managers to mix these species: diversification and profitability of forest areas with two species with good productive potential, problems with ageing and/or decrepit forests with low tree density, management of more resistant and resilient forests in the future and preservation of biodiversity in the forest. The inventory revealed that lower tree densities in the stand led to a slight decrease in average tree height and a slight increase in crown and trunk width in both species. There were indicators of higher survival rates for cork oaks and stone pines when planted in association.
The decline of the cork oak (Quercus suber L.) in Portugal is a reality. The loss of vitality of the trees, the quality of the cork and, inevitably, the profitability of the farm, has motivated owners to look for other species, such as stone pine (Pinus pinea L.), as an alternative and/or complement to these cork oak stands. The aim of this work is to investigate the ecological and productive sustainability of mixed stands of cork oak and stone pine, creating practical knowledge for forest owners and managers. The objective is to set up a network of permanent plots on mixtures, compiling the main motivations and added value of the system and identifying problems related to its management. Six farms located between the municipalities of Gavião and Ferreira do Alentejo were considered in this study, representing different areas of distribution of the two species in mixture. The work was organized into two sections: a qualitative section, using interviews with the owners and a quantitative sectio, in which a forest inventory was carried out. The information was collected from owners and forest managers in the field who, individually, had taken the initiative to implement mixed plantations of cork oak and stone pine. The results analyzed reveal several motivations that lead managers to mix these species: diversification and profitability of forest areas with two species with good productive potential, problems with ageing and/or decrepit forests with low tree density, management of more resistant and resilient forests in the future and preservation of biodiversity in the forest. The inventory revealed that lower tree densities in the stand led to a slight decrease in average tree height and a slight increase in crown and trunk width in both species. There were indicators of higher survival rates for cork oaks and stone pines when planted in association.
Description
Mestrado em Engenharia Florestal e dos Recursos Naturais / Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa
Keywords
rentabilidade vitalidade sustentabilidade inventário florestal resiliência profitability vitality sustainability forest inventory resilience
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Gouveia, J.P.V.S.P. Caracterização e gestão de plantações mistas de Sobreiro (Quercus suber) e Pinheiro-mnso (Pinus pinea): casos de estudo na região do Alentejo. Lisboa: ISA, 2024, 70 p. Dissertação de Mestrado
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa