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Estilos de liderança dos professores e comportamentos de risco de alunos adolescentes
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Resumo(s)
A realidade do contexto profissional docente tem variado ao longo dos tempos, tornando fundamental o estudo das variáveis que influenciam a dinâmica da profissão e o perfil de professor mais eficaz e motivado para dar resposta aos desafios que se lhes apresentam.
O papel do professor é então um dos elementos centrais para a qualidade do ensino, pelo que a compreensão dos aspetos relacionados com a liderança, com as relações que estabelece com os outros e a satisfação com a imagem corporal, assumem particular importância pois permitem uma vivência salutar que influencia a relação pedagógica e o sucesso dos alunos.
O presente trabalho inclui primeiramente duas revisões sistemáticas da literatura para conhecermos o estado da arte e podermos dar contexto aos estudos efetuados posteriormente. Realizámos, também, um estudo quantitativo e um estudo qualitativo, procurando dar respostas às inquietações.
A partir do estudo quantitativo elaboraram-se cinco artigos que no seu conjunto permitiram analisar a forma como os professores interagem com os alunos, nomeadamente com os que possuem comportamentos de risco, encontrar e validar quatro escalas, efetuar modelos de regressão múltipla e ainda através de uma path analysis alcançar um modelo explicativo, centrado nas capacidades de liderança, nas relações de liderança e na insatisfação com a imagem corporal. O tratamento dos dados, neste estudo, recorreu aos programas SPSS versão 22 e EQS 6.1 e envolveu 471 professores (344 mulheres) a lecionar em escolas do 3º ciclo e/ou secundário em 65 Concelhos a nível nacional.
O estudo qualitativo permitiu a elaboração de um artigo centrado no aprofundar de questões relacionadas com a liderança e com as relações, que percebemos serem importantes para uma compreensão dos nossos objetivos, trazendo maior riqueza ao nosso trabalho. Este estudo teve por base a realização de dois grupos focais a partir de um guião semiestruturado, e uma questão de resposta aberta, tendo sido efetuado o tratamento dos dados com recurso ao programa Nvivo 10, e alcançando-se também aqui um modelo explicativo. Existiram 12 intervenientes nos grupos focais (10 mulheres) e 132 (96 mulheres) na resposta à pergunta aberta.
Os resultados encontrados permitem-nos realçar que são os professores que consideram ter maior capacidade de liderança os que se consideram líderes, nomeadamente na sala de aula.
Por fim, se pudéssemos criar um perfil de professor ideal diríamos que o mesmo assenta em três pilares fundamentais, a capacidade de liderança, a satisfação com a imagem corporal e salutares relações de liderança.
The reality of teaching context has varied over time, making it essential to study the variables that influence the dynamics of the profession and the most effective and motivated teacher profile to meet the challenges facing them. The role of the teacher is then one of the core elements for the quality of teaching, so the understanding of aspects related to leadership, with the relationships you have with others and satisfaction with body image, are particularly important because they allow a salutary experience influencing the pedagogical relationship and the success of students. This work primarily includes two systematic reviews of the literature to know the state of the art and we can give context to the following studies. We also held a quantitative study and qualitative study, seeking to respond to your concerns. From the quantitative study we developed five articles which together enabled, examination on how teachers interact with students, especially those who have risk behaviors, finding and validating four scales, making multiple regression models and also, through a path analysis, achieving an explanatory model, focused on leadership skills in leadership relations and dissatisfaction with body image. The treatment of the data in this study used the SPSS version 22, the software EQS 6.1 and involved 471 teachers (344 women) that teach in middle and/or high schools in 65 municipalities. The qualitative study allowed the elaboration of an article focused on further issues related to leadership and the relationships that we considered important to an understanding of our goals, bringing richness to our work. This study was based on the realization of two focus groups from a semi-structured script and a matter of open response, having the treatment of data been made using the Nvivo 10 program, and, in the end, also reaching up here an explanatory model. We had 12 participants in the focus groups (10 women) and 132 (96 women) in response to an open question. The results allow us to highlight the following statement: the teachers that believe they have greater leadership capacity are the ones that consider themselves leaders, particularly in the classroom. Finally, if we could create an ideal teacher profile we would say that it is based on three fundamental pillars: leadership, satisfaction with body image and salutary leadership relations.
The reality of teaching context has varied over time, making it essential to study the variables that influence the dynamics of the profession and the most effective and motivated teacher profile to meet the challenges facing them. The role of the teacher is then one of the core elements for the quality of teaching, so the understanding of aspects related to leadership, with the relationships you have with others and satisfaction with body image, are particularly important because they allow a salutary experience influencing the pedagogical relationship and the success of students. This work primarily includes two systematic reviews of the literature to know the state of the art and we can give context to the following studies. We also held a quantitative study and qualitative study, seeking to respond to your concerns. From the quantitative study we developed five articles which together enabled, examination on how teachers interact with students, especially those who have risk behaviors, finding and validating four scales, making multiple regression models and also, through a path analysis, achieving an explanatory model, focused on leadership skills in leadership relations and dissatisfaction with body image. The treatment of the data in this study used the SPSS version 22, the software EQS 6.1 and involved 471 teachers (344 women) that teach in middle and/or high schools in 65 municipalities. The qualitative study allowed the elaboration of an article focused on further issues related to leadership and the relationships that we considered important to an understanding of our goals, bringing richness to our work. This study was based on the realization of two focus groups from a semi-structured script and a matter of open response, having the treatment of data been made using the Nvivo 10 program, and, in the end, also reaching up here an explanatory model. We had 12 participants in the focus groups (10 women) and 132 (96 women) in response to an open question. The results allow us to highlight the following statement: the teachers that believe they have greater leadership capacity are the ones that consider themselves leaders, particularly in the classroom. Finally, if we could create an ideal teacher profile we would say that it is based on three fundamental pillars: leadership, satisfaction with body image and salutary leadership relations.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Imagem corporal Liderança Professores Relação Body image Leadership Teachers Relationship