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Radiofármacos de tecnécio-99m utilizados em cintigrafia do miocárdio e do cérebro
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Resumo(s)
De entre todos os radionuclidos, o tecnécio-99m é o mais utilizado no diagnóstico de inúmeras patologias humanas. Por apresentar propriedades nucleares e fisico-químicas próximas das ideais, este é um elemento de enorme relevância em Medicina Nuclear.
Ao longo desta revisão será feito um enquadramento do tecnécio e do seu isótopo 99mTc em medicina nuclear, enquanto radionuclido, e como um dos componentes de radiofármacos de diagnóstico, atendendo às propriedades que lhe conferem utilidade enquanto ligando.
No âmbito desta revisão bibliográfica abordar-se-ão as propriedades químicas do Tc e do seu isótopo 99mTc, os métodos de obtenção recorrendo ao gerador de radionuclidos 99Mo/99mTc, os recursos de imagiologia necessários para a sua visualização e a sua aplicação em cintigrafia do cérebro e do miocárdio. Neste contexto abordam-se pormenorizadamente os radiofármacos que permitem a avaliação da perfusão do cérebro (HMPAO-99mTc e ECD-99mTc), dos transportadores de dopamina cerebrais (TRODAT-99mTc) e da perfusão do miocárdio (Sestamibi-99mTc e Tetrofosmin-99mTc).
From all the radionuclides, technetium-99m is the most widespread one for the diagnosis of countless human conditions. It is an element of great importance in Nuclear Medicine, due to its close to ideal nuclear, physical and chemistry characteristics. Throughout this review, technetium and its isotope 99mTc will be characterized as agents used in nuclear medicine, as a radionuclide and as a component of a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical, taking into account the features that make it useful as a binder. As the aim of this review, the chemical properties of Tc and its isotope 99mTc, the method to obtain it through a 99Mo/99mTc radionuclide generator, as well as the imagiology resources needed for its visualisation and its applications on brain and myocardial scintigraphy will be approached. Regarding its applications, the radiopharmaceuticals that allow for an evaluation of the brain perfusion (99mTc-HMPAO and 99mTc-ECD), evaluation of the transporters of dopamine in the brain (99mTc-TRODAT-1) and of myocardial perfusion (99mTc-Sestamibi and 99mTc-Tetrofosmin) will be thrououghly explained.
From all the radionuclides, technetium-99m is the most widespread one for the diagnosis of countless human conditions. It is an element of great importance in Nuclear Medicine, due to its close to ideal nuclear, physical and chemistry characteristics. Throughout this review, technetium and its isotope 99mTc will be characterized as agents used in nuclear medicine, as a radionuclide and as a component of a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical, taking into account the features that make it useful as a binder. As the aim of this review, the chemical properties of Tc and its isotope 99mTc, the method to obtain it through a 99Mo/99mTc radionuclide generator, as well as the imagiology resources needed for its visualisation and its applications on brain and myocardial scintigraphy will be approached. Regarding its applications, the radiopharmaceuticals that allow for an evaluation of the brain perfusion (99mTc-HMPAO and 99mTc-ECD), evaluation of the transporters of dopamine in the brain (99mTc-TRODAT-1) and of myocardial perfusion (99mTc-Sestamibi and 99mTc-Tetrofosmin) will be thrououghly explained.
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2014
Palavras-chave
Radiofármacos Tecnécio Cintigrafia HMPAO-99mTc ECD-99mTc TRODAT-1-99mTc Sestamibi-99mTc Tetrofosmina-99mTc Mestrado Integrado - 2014