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Comportamento social em Gorilas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla): o padrão de actividades diárias e as preferências espaciais
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Neste trabalho focamos essencialmente aspectos relacionados com o comportamento e a organização social sendo os objectivos deste estudo descrever e analisar o comportamento social de uma colónia de gorilas a viver no Jardim Zoológico de Lisboa. Procuramos averiguar especificamente o padrão de actividades de cada indivíduo e as suas preferências espaciais.
Por isso, os resultados obtidos foram comparados com seus conspecíficos em habitat natural, e com outros estudos em cativeiro de modo a evidenciar tendência básicas que determinaram um ponto de partida para a análise realizada.
Ambos preferências espaciais e padrão de actividades da colónia são influenciados por dois períodos temporais. Actualmente a colónia é composta por um macho (n=1 adulto) e três fêmeas (n=3 adultas).
Os gorilas estudados (N=4) apresentaram padrões de actividades diárias com diferenças significativas em algumas categorias comportamentais. E demostraram um uso diferencial e um aproveitamento do cativeiro.
Ao nível das relações sociais entre os indivíduos, as interacções agonísticas foram elevadas e o comportamento afiliativo foi pouco expressivo.
Foram observadas diferenças significativas no comportamento dos indivíduos ao longo do dia, excepto para as categorias comportamentais “passivo”, “agressão”, “inactividade” e no “comportamento solitário” e na utilização da zona 1.
Devido ao elevado número de estereotipias exibidas pelos indivíduos, este ponto também foi estudado.
We aimed to describe and analyse the social behaviour of a gorilla colony living in the Lisbon Zoo by assessing the time-budget of each individual and to understand the spatial preferences present. Afterwards the data collected was compared with data from in wild studies and in captivity, in order to look for basic trends that could establish a starting point to the analyses. The influence of different periods of the day in the time-budget and the spatial preferences was also investigated. The study was carried out at the Lisbon Zoo. The sample was composed by four adult individuals (one male and three females). The behaviour of studied gorillas (N=4) presented activity patterns where significant differences were found. The colony showed differences in the use of the exhibit. Regarding the interactions between individuals, agonistic behaviour frequencies were high, affiliative duration and frequencies were almost inexistent. Concerning the different day periods, significant differences in individuals’ behaviour were found, with the exception of the behavioural categories “resting”, “aggression”, “solitary play” and “inactivity”, and the exhibit´s in zona 1. Due to the elevated stereotypical behavior showed by the colony, this point was also analyzed.
We aimed to describe and analyse the social behaviour of a gorilla colony living in the Lisbon Zoo by assessing the time-budget of each individual and to understand the spatial preferences present. Afterwards the data collected was compared with data from in wild studies and in captivity, in order to look for basic trends that could establish a starting point to the analyses. The influence of different periods of the day in the time-budget and the spatial preferences was also investigated. The study was carried out at the Lisbon Zoo. The sample was composed by four adult individuals (one male and three females). The behaviour of studied gorillas (N=4) presented activity patterns where significant differences were found. The colony showed differences in the use of the exhibit. Regarding the interactions between individuals, agonistic behaviour frequencies were high, affiliative duration and frequencies were almost inexistent. Concerning the different day periods, significant differences in individuals’ behaviour were found, with the exception of the behavioural categories “resting”, “aggression”, “solitary play” and “inactivity”, and the exhibit´s in zona 1. Due to the elevated stereotypical behavior showed by the colony, this point was also analyzed.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Antropologia
Palavras-chave
Gorila-ocidental-das-terras-baixas Comportamento social Utilização espacial Padrões de actividades Jardim Zoológico de Lisboa Cativeiro Gorillas Social behaviours Space utilization Time-budge Lisbon Zoo Captivity.
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas