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O impacto da promagistratura de Júlio César na Hispania Ulterior (61-60 a.C) : um confronto entre a literatura clássica e os dados arqueológicos
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Abstract(s)
No âmbito desta dissertação, procurámos desenvolver o conhecimento sobre a promagistratura de Júlio César na Hispania Ulterior, de 61-60 a.C., através do confronto entre as produções literárias clássicas e o registo arqueológico, perscrutando, sobretudo, o seu impacto sobre as comunidades peninsulares.
A literatura clássica informa-nos que Júlio César necessitava saldar dívidas, ansiando, ao mesmo tempo, ser cônsul em Roma. Para atingir esse objetivo, terá realizado uma expedição militar contra os Lusitanos e uma incursão marítima ao noroeste peninsular, com o auxílio de Gades, com isso obtendo o direito a um triunfo e a aclamação como Imperator.
Para a execução do trabalho, recorremos a estas fontes, literárias e arqueológicas, para delimitar certos espaços e que forneceram algumas pistas sobre este período em concreto. Até há pouco tempo, a maioria dos estudos que se incidiam sobre este período em particular não refletiam as indagações arqueológicas, que, no entanto, têm vindo a somar-se desde as últimas décadas do século XX. Por esse motivo, o objetivo deste estudo passou pelo esclarecimento arqueológico das transformações económicas e socioculturais no período pós-sertoriano.
Considerou-se que a ida de Júlio César à Ulterior deveu-se a motivos propagandísticos, de modo a obter o cargo de cônsul em Roma. No âmbito arqueológico, denotou-se que várias das transformações verificadas se deviam a certas consequências derivadas do conflito metelo-sertoriano, como por exemplo ao nível militar e dos conjuntos anfóricos. Relativamente ao Noroeste, analisou-se a dicotomia existente entre as regiões de Rías Baixas e o Golfo Ártabro, reconhecendo-se o possível impacto que a campanha de César poderá ter causado em ambos os territórios.
For the purposes of this thesis, it was sought to develop the knowledge about the promagistracy of Julius Caesar in Hispania Ulterior (Farther Spain), in 61-60 BC., through the confrontation between the classical literary productions and the archaeological record, analysing, above all, its impact to the peninsular communities. The classical literature tells us that Julius Caesar was in need of paying debts and pursuing the consulship at Rome. To achieve that goal, he marched against the Lusitanians and executed a naval incursion with the assistance of Gades to the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. As a result, he obtained the right to a triumph and the acclamation by the troops as Imperator. To the accomplishment of this work, we recurred to the literary and archaeological records to delineate the study of certain archaeological sites that provided evidences to understand this period of time. Until recently, the majority of the studies that dwelled about this chronological stamp didn’t reflect the archaeological inquires, yet these have been adding up since the final decades of the 20th century. Therefore, the objective of the thesis was the archaeological clarification of the economical and sociocultural transformations in the post-sertorian period. It was considered that the presence of Caesar in the Ulterior was due to political propaganda in way to obtain the consulship. Within the archaeological scope, we’ve come to notice that several of the observed transformations occurred due to certain consequences resultant of the Sertorian Conflict, as for example at the level of the military and amphora sets. In regard to the Northwest, it was analysed the dichotomy between the regions of Rías Baixas and the Artabrian Gulf, whilst recognising the plausible impact that Caesar’s campaign might have provoked in both territories.
For the purposes of this thesis, it was sought to develop the knowledge about the promagistracy of Julius Caesar in Hispania Ulterior (Farther Spain), in 61-60 BC., through the confrontation between the classical literary productions and the archaeological record, analysing, above all, its impact to the peninsular communities. The classical literature tells us that Julius Caesar was in need of paying debts and pursuing the consulship at Rome. To achieve that goal, he marched against the Lusitanians and executed a naval incursion with the assistance of Gades to the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. As a result, he obtained the right to a triumph and the acclamation by the troops as Imperator. To the accomplishment of this work, we recurred to the literary and archaeological records to delineate the study of certain archaeological sites that provided evidences to understand this period of time. Until recently, the majority of the studies that dwelled about this chronological stamp didn’t reflect the archaeological inquires, yet these have been adding up since the final decades of the 20th century. Therefore, the objective of the thesis was the archaeological clarification of the economical and sociocultural transformations in the post-sertorian period. It was considered that the presence of Caesar in the Ulterior was due to political propaganda in way to obtain the consulship. Within the archaeological scope, we’ve come to notice that several of the observed transformations occurred due to certain consequences resultant of the Sertorian Conflict, as for example at the level of the military and amphora sets. In regard to the Northwest, it was analysed the dichotomy between the regions of Rías Baixas and the Artabrian Gulf, whilst recognising the plausible impact that Caesar’s campaign might have provoked in both territories.