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Abstract(s)
Transgénero, ou trans, é um termo abrangente que serve para designar um diverso grupo de pessoas que sente uma discordância entre o sexo com que se identificam e aquele com que nasceram. Indivíduos trans, para além de partilharem as mesmas necessidades que o resto da população, requerem cuidados especializados no âmbito da redesignação de género.
Estes incluem terapia psicológica, social, comportamental e médica: tratamentos hormonais e cirúrgicos. Entre muitos outros, a voz é um importante marcador do processo de transição e aceitação do novo género da pessoa trans.
Na transição feminino-masculino, a terapia hormonal com testosterona atua no aparelho vocal de modo a masculinizar a voz.
No caso das mulheres trans, a feminização da voz não é possível de ser alcançada com terapia hormonal, pelo que se recorrem a técnicas cirúrgicas de alteração da conformação da laringe e cordas vocais.
Em ambos os casos (redesignação masculino-feminino ou vice-versa), a terapia vocal é um método que, isolada ou complementarmente aos anteriormente mencionados, contribui para a sensação de bem-estar da pessoa trans no próprio corpo.
Transgender, or trans, is an umbrella term that defines those whose gender identity differs from the sex they were born with. Besides the needs shared with the rest of the population, trans people require specialized care concerning their gender reassignment. These include psychological, social and behavioural therapy as well as medical therapy: hormonal and surgical treatments. Among many others, the voice is a very important feature of the transition process and the acceptance of the new gender. In female-to-male transition, hormone therapy with testosterone works in the vocal apparatus and makes the voice more masculine. On the other hand, trans women cannot achieve a more feminine voice by hormonal therapy, so they turn to surgical procedures that alter the larynx and vocal cords conformation. In both cases (male-to-female reassignment and vice-versa), vocal therapy, alone or together with the aformentioned procedures, plays a role in the well-being of the trans person in their own body.
Transgender, or trans, is an umbrella term that defines those whose gender identity differs from the sex they were born with. Besides the needs shared with the rest of the population, trans people require specialized care concerning their gender reassignment. These include psychological, social and behavioural therapy as well as medical therapy: hormonal and surgical treatments. Among many others, the voice is a very important feature of the transition process and the acceptance of the new gender. In female-to-male transition, hormone therapy with testosterone works in the vocal apparatus and makes the voice more masculine. On the other hand, trans women cannot achieve a more feminine voice by hormonal therapy, so they turn to surgical procedures that alter the larynx and vocal cords conformation. In both cases (male-to-female reassignment and vice-versa), vocal therapy, alone or together with the aformentioned procedures, plays a role in the well-being of the trans person in their own body.
Description
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2020
Keywords
Transgénero Afeminização da voz Terapia vocal Otorrinolaringologia