A carregar...
Publicação
A democracia militante no âmbito do direito internacional
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1012 KB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A dissertação busca avaliar o uso da teoria da democracia militante no âmbito internacional como uma ferramenta possível de enfrentamento aos ataques autoritários que, no século XXI, minam as sociedades por dentro do aparato estatal, violando direitos humanos e ameaçando a paz e a estabilidade do sistema internacional. Para atingir este objetivo, será necessário compreender o conteúdo da democracia, uma vez que não há parâmetro único consensualmente aceito, bem como a proposta feita por Karl Loewenstein na década de 1930 com vistas a proteger a democracia. O conceito da democracia militante será examinado de modo criterioso e não serão poupadas críticas onde forem merecidas, pois o que se pretende é alcançar uma teoria adaptada para o presente que seja robusta e sem falhas em sua fundamentação. Será avaliada, em seguida, a intersecção entre a democracia e o Direito Internacional, um campo onde tradicionalmente se deu pouco espaço para assuntos considerados de Direito interno. Todavia, a investigação demonstrará que, sobretudo a partir do fim da Guerra Fria, a comunidade internacional sofreu alterações fundamentais que permitiram um maior intercâmbio com este conceito. Com efeito, demonstrar-se-á que as Organizações Internacionais assumiram um importante papel de fortalecimento e controle da democracia nos Estados, exigindo muitas vezes a aplicação interna deste sistema como requisito para a participação nos foros de negociação internacionais. Por fim, será o momento de examinar quais os expedientes militantes aplicados no âmbito jurídico internacional a partir dos eixos político, legislativo e social e, além disso, se há espaço para aprimorar os instrumentos utilizados nesta esfera, de modo que sua aplicação agregue menos críticas e se torne menos sujeita a abusos de poder.
The dissertation seeks to evaluate the use of the theory of militant democracy at the international level as a possible tool for confronting authoritarian attacks that, in the 21st century, undermine societies from within the state apparatus, violating human rights and threatening the peace and stability of the international system. To achieve this objective, it will be necessary to understand the content of democracy, since there is no single consensually accepted parameter, as well as the proposal made by Karl Loewenstein in the 1930s with a view to protecting democracy. The concept of militant democracy will be carefully examined and criticism will not be spared where it is deserved, as the aim is to achieve a theory adapted for the present that is robust and without flaws in its foundation. The intersection between democracy and International Law, a field where little space has traditionally been given to matters considered to be domestic law, will then be assessed. However, the investigation will demonstrate that, especially since the end of the Cold War, the international community has undergone fundamental changes that have allowed for greater exchange with this concept. In effect, it will be demonstrated that International Organizations have assumed an important role in strengthening and controlling democracy in States, often demanding the internal application of this system as a requirement for participation in international negotiation forums. Finally, it will be time to examine which militant expedients are applied in the international legal sphere from the political, legislative and social axes and, furthermore, whether there is room to improve the instruments used in this sphere, so that their application brings less criticism and becomes less subject to abuses of power.
The dissertation seeks to evaluate the use of the theory of militant democracy at the international level as a possible tool for confronting authoritarian attacks that, in the 21st century, undermine societies from within the state apparatus, violating human rights and threatening the peace and stability of the international system. To achieve this objective, it will be necessary to understand the content of democracy, since there is no single consensually accepted parameter, as well as the proposal made by Karl Loewenstein in the 1930s with a view to protecting democracy. The concept of militant democracy will be carefully examined and criticism will not be spared where it is deserved, as the aim is to achieve a theory adapted for the present that is robust and without flaws in its foundation. The intersection between democracy and International Law, a field where little space has traditionally been given to matters considered to be domestic law, will then be assessed. However, the investigation will demonstrate that, especially since the end of the Cold War, the international community has undergone fundamental changes that have allowed for greater exchange with this concept. In effect, it will be demonstrated that International Organizations have assumed an important role in strengthening and controlling democracy in States, often demanding the internal application of this system as a requirement for participation in international negotiation forums. Finally, it will be time to examine which militant expedients are applied in the international legal sphere from the political, legislative and social axes and, furthermore, whether there is room to improve the instruments used in this sphere, so that their application brings less criticism and becomes less subject to abuses of power.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Direito internacional Democracia Crises democráticas Direitos humanos Teses de mestrado - 2024